The Rev. and Mrs. E. W. Koons of Chai Ryong have left for America on their well earned furlough.

Mr. and Mrs. Burgess of the Y.M.C.A. have returned to their work in Pekin.

It is with profound regret that we record the homegoing of the Rev. and Mrs. W. B. Harrison of the Southern Presbyterian Mission on account of the ill-health of Mrs. Harrison. We hope that her health will soon be re-established.

Miss L. Nichols of the Southern Methodist Mission has left on a needed furlough.

Dr. and Mrs. Ray Smith are receiving the congratulations of their friends on the arrival of a little son.

As we go to press the trial of the conspiracy case has completed its first public stage. It is too early to attempt to give a summary of the proceedings but it will interest our readers to know that so far the accused Christians have denied all knowledge of the affair. When the presiding Judge asked them why they denied it now when in the preliminary examinations they had confessed to participating in the plot, they answered that they made confession under torture. On July 17th the case was adjourned for an indefinite period, to give time for the consideration of counsels' application for the appointment of a new bench of judges to try the prisoners.

The following is an incomplete list of coming events in the fall:—

Southern Presbyterian, Annual Meetings at Kwang-ju. Commence August 3rd.

Seoul Bible Conference, for 10 days. Commence August 28th.

First General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Korea, at Seoul. Commence September 1st.

Northern Presbyterian, Annual Meetings at Seoul. Commence September 8th.

Annual Meetings of Federal Council of Korean Mission, at Seoul. Commence September 18th.

Annual Meeting of the Korean Religious Tract Society, at Seoul. September 18th.

Musical Evening at the Y.M.C.A., Seoul. September 19th.

Southern Methodist, Annual Conference, at Songdo. Commence October 15th.

It is with the greatest sorrow that we record the passing away of Mrs. Moffett on Friday, July 12th, after only a few days' illness at Pyeng Yang. Her loss to Korea is incalculable, she filled so large a place in missionary activities, and our deepest sympathies go out on behalf of Dr. Moffett and the two motherless boys. Next month's issue of the KOREA MISSION FIELD will contain an article from the pen of Miss Best on the life-work of Mrs. Moffett.

※ 역주: Chai Ryong=재령(황해도), Pekin=베이징(북경), Kwang-ju=광주, Songdo=송도(개성), Pyeng Yang=평양. "conspiracy case"는 1911년 데라우치 총독 암살 음모로 조작된 이른바 '105인 사건'을 가리킨다. Mrs. Moffett은 새뮤얼 A. 모펫(마포삼열) 선교사의 첫 부인 앨리스 피시 모펫(Alice Fish Moffett)으로 추정된다.

연합 문제 THE UNION QUESTION.

— W. Carl Rufus

원문 면: p. 228

To the Editors of the Korea Mission Field,

My dear Editors:

The author of the excellent article on the Union Question under the caption, "Correspondence," in the July, 1912, number of the KOREA MISSION FIELD, has "heard of the possibility of the dissolution of the Union Educational work in Pyeng Yang;" and shortly afterward in his article asks the question: "Are we 'missing the right way' now, that union is being shelved and superseded; or did we 'miss the right way' when union was first mooted?"

We believe that the fears expressed with reference to the Pyeng Yang situation are due to a misinterpretation of the action of the Methodist Episcopal mission concerning union college work, and ask the privilege of publishing the enclosed interpretation prepared by the committee that drafted the resolutions adopted by the Korea Annual Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Yours in the Interest of Union,

W. CARL RUFUS.

※ 역주: W. Carl Rufus(W. 칼 루퍼스, 한국명 유의수)는 미감리회 선교사로 평양 숭실학교에서 천문학·수학을 가르쳤다. Pyeng Yang=평양.

연합대학 사업에 관한 미감리회 선교부의 결의 METHODIST EPISCOPAL MISSION ACTION CONCERNING UNION COLLEGE WORK.

원문 면: p. 229

On page 100 of the Minutes of the Korea Annual Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church for 1912 may be found the following recommendations which were adopted:—

1. That we rescind the action pertaining to man's colleges taken at the third session of this Conference, recorded in the Educational Committee's report, page 14 of the Minutes of 1910, as follows: "The Mission shall plan for three colleges; a man's college in Pyeng Yang, a man's college in Seoul, and a woman's college in Seoul."

2. That the policy of the Mission shall be to give its support to only one man's college in Korea.

3. That we express our preference for one union Christian college for Korea.

4. That we express our preference for Seoul as the place of location.

5. That we instruct our members of the Educational Senate working thru that body to bring the question of location before the Missions working in Korea and to ask them to take a vote on the question.

6. If practical unanimity cannot be reached by this means, that the question of location be referred to the Boards of Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church and Presbyterian Church in U.S.A.

7. That the Educational Committee be authorized to represent the Conference ad interim in carrying out the provisions of these resolutions.

The Committee which drafted the resolutions desires to submit its interpretation of the action to the friends of union effort in mission work. We propose to take up the articles separately by number and then consider the intent of the action as a whole.

(1). This section merely removes obstructive legislation. The three colleges referred to were: (a) Union Christian College of Pyeng Yang, conducted by Presbyterian North, and Methodist Episcopal missions in Korea; (b) Pai Chai College, Seoul, at that time a Methodist Episcopal institution, succeeded by union Christian college work in 1911, conducted by the Presbyterian and Methodist stations in Seoul in accordance with mission action; and (c) Ewha College, Seoul.

(2). This action seemed advisable because we believe that (a) the limited amount of mission support in men and money can accomplish most when undivided; and (b) the present demand for college work can be most successfully met by concentration.

It should not be interpreted to militate against Pyeng Yang nor against Seoul, but was taken in the interest of the work as a whole.

(3). We hold that the question of only one union Christian college is the chief issue in higher Christian educational work in Korea, and deliberately gave it precedence of choice of location which comes in the next article. We believe that the desirability of only one union Christian institution for higher educational work in Korea is held also by a large majority of the missionaries of Korea, and of missionary secretaries and distinguished visitors who have studied the needs of this field. We do not think it out of place to mention Dr. Arthur J. Brown, Secretary of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in U.S.A.; Dr. Goucher, Chairman of the Educational Section of the Continuation Committee of the Edinburgh Conference; Bishop McDowell of the Methodist Episcopal Church; Dr. Marquis, and Professor Burton, representative of Mr. J. D. Rockefeller.

Argument seems unnecessary to emphasize the desirability of united concentrated effort in mission work. The Edinburgh Conference reports, "The influence of a single strong and efficient Christian institution is far greater in proportion than that of several less efficient institutions." The whole tenor of the report urges combination and union to do away with reduplication and waste of effort. The present condition in Korea adds poignancy to this contention. We call attention to the paucity of well-prepared teachers, foreign or native; lack of equipment; and the small number of college students, less than 50 in all Korea remaining in attendance to the close of the college year of 1911-12. Of course we wish to provide for growing needs, but in an honest attempt to determine the probable number of Christian college students in Korea, (Pyeng Yang admits Christians only and Seoul only one-tenth non-Christians), we fail to find a probability of more than 300 at any one time within the next decade. Three methods were used to reach the probable number: (a) proportion of college students to population in advanced countries applied to present and probable Christian constituency of Korea, allowing the advanced stage of educational progress in the United States in 1910 compared with the condition in Korea to offset the advanced condition of the Christian constituency in this country compared with the entire population of Korea; (b) proportion of high school graduates admitted into college in other countries applied to present and probable academy statistics in Korea; and (c) a direct estimate made by men in college work based upon observation of rate of development. We recognize that these methods are not infallible. Suppose that the number should be doubled or trebled, even 1,000 students would not wreck one well-organized, well-manned, well-equipped institution! Such a college would deserve the respect of the government, the patronage of the Koreans, and the support of the church.

(4). We recognized that one mission does not possess the right to settle the question of location of a union institution; but we believed that each mission has a right to express its preference; and whereas the Methodist Episcopal mission meets in the spring and the others in the fall, in order to attempt an early settlement of the question, we thought it advisable at the spring session to express definitely our preference concerning site. This action in no wise states that we wish to withdraw from the union work in Pyeng Yang; it merely states our preference, with a full recognition of the fact that there is a probability that other missions will vote in favor of Pyeng Yang, and that finally the Methodist Episcopal mission may be called upon to withdraw from Seoul and to give its undivided support to help maintain one union Christian college located in the city of Pyeng Yang. The mission frankly faced that contingency and decided to risk what it felt was its own best interest for the sake of the best interest of all the missions concerned.

Some of the reason for preference for Seoul aside from special mission considerations are: (a) Advantageous location; geographical and railroad centre; (b) Most representative Christian centre; here are located representatives of Methodist Episcopal, Methodist Episcopal South, Presbyterian North, and English missions, Young Men's Christian Association, Bible Socities, and Oriental Missionary Society; (c) Educational advantages; as government museums, libraries, zoological gardens, and public lectures; (d) Native veneration for the capital; (e) Industrial and commercial centre; (f) Christian institutional centre; here are located Severance Medical College, the Union Theological Seminary, and Union Bible School; (g) Capital and largest city; the largest institutions as a rule are near centers of population; this seems especially true in the Orient and in China the colleges are chiefly located in capitals or are being moved to them; (h) Best opportunity here afforded to compete with and supplement government education; (i) To meet objection of immoral tendency of a large city, the institution may be located in suburbs with proper dormitory precautions; (j) The old objection of political disturbances and distractions in the capital does not have much weight under present conditions.

(5). We understood that the Educational Senate has the technical right to settle arbitrarily the number and location of schools in Korea, and consequently can claim jurisdiction in the present case; but we presumed that in a question of great import they would desire to ascertain the will of the missions concerned. Furthermore, the Senate is an agent of the missions and derives its power from them; and the proposed action refers a question of special importance directly to the source of power and authority.

(6). In case the proposed intermission action should fail to bring about the desideratum, we felt as though the effort should not cease, but a body to which to refer or a board of arbitration should be found if possible. The most natural means of reference seemed to be the two Boards which were financially concerned thru property interests and had men under appointment to college work and students pursuing college courses. We also had in mind that final authority is vested in the home boards directly concerned.

(7). Recognizing the desirability of an early adjustment of the matter this means was provided to obviate the necessity of holding up action until the meeting of the next Annual Conference.

Concerning the intent of the action as a whole we wish to assure the friends of union that it is not directed against union work in Pyeng Yang; but it is a sincere attempt to reach a basis for broader union and more efficient union educational service for all Korea. We understood by a recent letter from Dr. Brown that the Presbyterian Board favored only one institution and at that time he considered the choice of location an open question.

We firmly believe that the question of one union Christian college is primary and the choice of location is secondary. Whereas plans for the development of two Christian colleges were in operation it seemed desirable to thoroughly consider the advisability of consolidation before they were further matured. The claims of both sites deserve careful consideration and the question should be determined upon its merit. The proposed plan does not jeopardize the interest of the place or institution that has superior claim. Even though one mission or more had decided from a mission standpoint on the location of its institutions, yet it would seem right and proper in the interest of broader union and consolidation for a sister mission to ask for a reconsideration of the question. We understand that some of the missions in China have been working successfully in that direction. From the selfish standpoint of mission interest when the Methodist Episcopal mission voted in favor of Seoul, it might be looked upon as final action; but viewing it from the broader standpoint of interdenominational interest we desired to submit the question to intermission action and if necessary to risk mission interests to arbitration by the Boards in America.

In the resolutions adopted although we do not claim that the proposed method of procedure is beyond the possibility of improvement, yet we present it as the best we have to offer, and assure our fellow missionaries that it was prompted by unselfish motive and designed to further the interest of union in missionary work in Korea.

Korea has been heralded as a champion of union in missionary work, but we do not recall an instance in its history where a single mission has taken a more unselfish position in the interest of the whole. The action taken was designed to further the interest of union. Its underlying assumption is the desirability of union. If the attempt at union fails we feel that failure can not be charged to our endeavor. If it succeeds we shall be willing to give full credit for its success to an equal desire for union on the part of our sister missions.

W. CARL RUFUS.

W. C. SWEARER.

A. L. BECKER.

※ 역주: 이 글은 1912년 미감리회 한국연회가 연합대학 소재지를 서울로 선호한다고 결의한 것을 둘러싼 논쟁의 문서이다. Union Christian College of Pyeng Yang=평양 숭실대학, Pai Chai College=배재대학, Ewha College=이화대학, Severance Medical College=세브란스 의학교. 이 논쟁은 훗날 연희전문학교(서울)와 숭실전문학교(평양)로 이어지는 기독교 고등교육 분립의 배경이 된다. 서명자 W. C. Swearer=서원보, A. L. Becker=백아덕(평양 숭실 교수).

인성이와 그의 어머니 INSENGI AND HIS MOTHER.

— By Miss E. L. Shields

원문 면: p. 232

About the time of, or soon after, the Chino-Japanese War, a little Korean child, was born near the Capital, Seoul.

Who was his father? Who his mother? Was his birth place a rude little hut, or a slightly more comfortable room in the servants' quarters of some rich house? Probably the former, but no matter which, there must have been gladness in the home that day because a baby boy had entered, even though he was not the first. An older brother and a sister had come before. He never really knew his father, and his mother's eyes grew dim, so that soon her little Insengi was veiled from her sight.

But she knew his presence, brave little soul; for as she grew helpless, he grew strong and helpful to her, guiding her hesitating steps, and proving himself her tireless protector. Just a baby of four or five years, with the responsibility of a blind mother! That's what he was when he came with her to the Hospital to have the Doctor "mend" her eyes, and he captured our hearts at once. He was usually a quiet, sober, little fellow, yet he had a keen interest in childish pleasures when not burdened with graver duties. He liked the petting and plays which the doctor and nurse gave him, and learned to expect some attention whenever he saw them, while he brought to them those sweet, childish gifts of trust and appreciation which every true heart loves.

He would often clasp the nurse's hand in both his small ones, and have a series of swings and turns which he'd laugh over, and try again and again, until both were tired or other duties demanded a change of occupation.

On the day of his mother's operation, after she had returned to the ward with eyes bandaged, and suffering a good deal of pain, the little fellow was almost wild with rage and agony. He stamped and cried and tried to tear the bandage from his mother's head, until finally, when he realized that he could do nothing, he sat down on the floor and sobbed piteously until he fell asleep, leaning against a pile of bedding which lay beside him.

Carefully as a mother did that child watch his "Aminy" or "Umi" as he sometimes called her, acting as eyes and hands for her, carrying messages, or sedately marching out on the street to buy some sort of food of which she wanted to taste.

Best of all, this mother and Insengi both listened to the Gospel teaching they daily heard, and a blessed trust in Christ was the precious gift which both received. Great questions were not likely to disturb the faith of the little heart that was being prepared for only a few years' contact with the world........

Months passed by! All were happy when the mother regained the sight of one eye, and gradually assumed again the mother's place towards her little son. They were quite poor and it was often difficult for them to get the necessary clothing, so one Christmas season the girls who were in a Christian School in the same city decided to make a pretty suit for the small boy, and give it to him on Christmas Day. The brightly colored garments were prepared by loving hands, and at the appointed time, those interested met at the home of the nurse and doctor; the old suit was replaced by the clean new clothes, and Insengi proudly stationed on the table where all could see and admire. I wonder who in all the group was the happiest! I suspect that the joy was about equally divided among the whole company.

The child was such a lovable one and he received what he gave— love from all about him. Thackeray says that "every man receives back the reflection of his own face!"

After spending some months away from the Hospital, Insengi returned himself, very sick and, as he had frequently been ill before, there were indications that this attack might be fatal. And he never did recover. There was no improvement while he waited and suffered in the ward so he was sent home, his mother being advised about his food and medicine.

His poor little body was constantly weary, and often full of pain, but he was an example of patience. After a time at home, he begged to come back to his friends in the Hospital to whom he was much attached. One day he told his mother that "he was so tired she should please carry him to his father." When questioned as to whom he meant, he answered, "Our Father in Heaven."

On a September afternoon his mother put him on her back, as the Koreans carry their children and sick ones, and went to the Hospital, but on the way dear little Insengi journeyed to his Heavenly Father, and all his weary days and nights were over.

So complete a life in seven short years! So true a little helper and teacher along the way! And because of this sweet messenger, may we every day endeavour to inspire others to better and happier service for the loving Shepherd who carries the lambs in His bosom, and who reveals so many of His precious lessons through the lives of the children.

※ 역주: 필자 Miss E. L. Shields는 에스더 L. 쉴즈(1868-1941), 세브란스병원 간호사 양성 사업의 개척자이다. "Insengi(인성이)"는 아이의 이름. "Aminy/Umi"는 한국어 '어머니/엄마'의 음차. 표지 사진 "Insengi and His Mother"가 바로 이 글의 주인공이다. Chino-Japanese War=청일전쟁(1894-95).

유치원 사업 KINDERGARTEN WORK.

— By Mrs. A. H. Norton, Haiju

원문 면: p. 234

It is said that a certain vile neighborhood in San Francisco was so transformed by means of a kindergarten that it became a very respectable one. This is not only true of one city neighborhood but of many and in my own experience I have seen it occur. In Baltimore, where I taught, it was through the kindergarten and mothers' meeting in connection with it, that the children and parents were started on the "upward road." One of the neatest and most substantial Methodist Churches I know of began its existence as a kindergarten of about thirty children. One of the principal members had been a saloon keeper who had sent his little girl to the school so his wife could give him more help. To-day they are not only strong supporters of the kindergarten but are strong in the faith of Christ. I know of many such stories so it is not the exceptional one I am telling. If Korean Mothers could be brought to realize the importance of child training it is easy to see what an advantage it would be.

Christianity is the only religion that appreciates childhood. The Savior came as a little child. "Jesus was the first who loved childhood for the sake of childhood." A reason has been suggested why the Lord was so fond of little children by supposing Him to have said, "Dear little ones, let them come; they are the only things down here that remind me of Home." The recognition of childhood is a sure test of the narrow or full development of Christianity. One of the best modern results of our Christianity in regard to the development of the children's faculties is the kindergarten. The child who has reached the age of four or five demands some kind of "busy work," and almost any make shift is usually resorted to in order to provide occupation for him, and the kindergarten exactly fills this need, providing instead of haphazard work and play, systematic training of the child's powers.

The Games take a leading part in the child's life. They add wonderfully to his joy and train him to be active in body, alert and observant. The Songs are of great benefit in training their voices and it is one of the best ways of teaching them of God and Nature. The Occupations such as weaving, sewing, claymodelling, cutting and paper-folding train the fingers to be deft and accurate. The Gifts are given the child for directed play and from which he is to obtain ideas of form, color, motion, size, direction, and number. In short, "he is taught to do things" and "to learn by doing."

It was with the hope that I might not only help the children but also give the mothers an idea of the importance of child training that I opened a kindergarten last fall in Haiju. We started with about ten and now we number thirty-five, about as many girls as boys. The girls are apt to be a little backward at first but they soon learn to take part. At first the children came as one sees them on the street. Few had their faces or hands washed, but by refusing to give the work into very dirty hands they very soon came looking cleaner, and how they do smile when they hear words of commendation for their cleanliness!

After the opening prayer it is the custom for each child to hold out his hands and I pass around the circle to inspect them and it is very seldom that I have to say to a single one "not clean." A number of mothers are apt to be present for a "sight see" and they are as eager to do the work as the children.

For stick laying I bought a lot of tooth-picks such as we can buy at any Japanese store and colored them with scraps of crepe paper and made very pretty ones, though not such as the orthodox Kindergartener at home would use, perhaps. (But, why deny the child half a loaf if he can't have the whole?) We buy dried peas in the market for "peas work." We have not had clay for clay modelling but I think we will get some soon. We are so dreadfully handicapped for lack of a suitable room and material, having translated very few songs, finger-plays or games.

I dream dreams and sometimes see visions of the time when our Haiju Kindergarten will have as pretty and attractive rooms and be as well equipped with materials as a well conducted kindergarten should be.

In connection with the kindergarten is the Mothers' Meeting held once a month. We select some subject which will be of value to the mothers. At the close of the meeting we give each one a tract such as the Medical Series or a simple tract on the Gospel Story and these last we ask them to give to some unconverted mother.

Another vision I have is for a trained nurse to come to us who will do the work such as the Charity Organization or Deaconess Society is doing in America, going into these homes and giving actual demonstrations of taking care of sick ones, big and little.

※ 역주: 필자 Mrs. A. H. Norton은 해주(Haiju, 황해도) 미감리회 의료선교사 아서 H. 노튼(Arthur H. Norton)의 부인. "The Gifts(은물)"·"The Occupations(작업)"·"The Games(놀이)"는 프뢰벨(Froebel) 유치원 교육법의 핵심 용어이다. Baltimore=미국 볼티모어.

공주 주간학교 KONG JU DAY SCHOOL.

— By Olga P. Shaffer

원문 면: p. 236

During the present year, the Kong Ju Day School for girls has shown a most satisfactory development. The large increase in attendance is due particularly to a more favorable location—near the church.

In the fall the completion of the new home for the W.F.M.S. workers made it possible for us to vacate the girls' school building which had served as a residence for two years, and most joyfully did the girls come into possession of their own.

At the opening of the fall term there were about sixty pupils, but this number increased weekly until at the holiday season there were eighty-eight bright, happy girls with no heart longing, no worldly ambition, greater than that for study. Such girls are to make the future womanhood of Korea.

In the fall the splendid little teacher, Ethel, was taken from this school and placed in charge of a very flourishing school in another part of the district. In order to employ the young man who had so ably and successfully taught Chinese in our school the latter half of last year, it was necessary to find him a wife. To me, a new missionary, this was a very interesting feature of the proper management of a school! Mrs. Sharp was the chosen "Go-between." She proceeded by asking the Principal of Ewha Haktang to select and grant her a girl to fill the place of both wife and teacher; for she must occupy the position in the school vacated by our other teacher. The Principal and the "Go-between" were very successful in performing their sacred trust, and the result has been most gratifying to all parties concerned. The union has proved to be one of love and congeniality in spite of the fact that those most interested had never met until a day or two before the ceremony at the altar of the First Methodist Church in Seoul. For their work as teachers we have only praise, and the love and confidence of all the pupils are laid as offerings at their feet.

The numberless problems in Arithmetic and the countless names in Geography do not seem to weary our little students, the Bible study is eagerly pursued, and Chinese most diligently memorized. When I announced to the school that beginning on a certain date they would have two weeks vacation for the Christmas season, to my surprise it did not meet with their approval and there were no such demonstrations as I well remember took place in certain school rooms in America, upon learning of vacations. That afternoon a delegation waited upon me to beg for only one week instead of two. They said, "Pouin, there will be no pleasure for us when there is no school, we must study. One week will be too long."

One of my most pleasant associations with the girls was at this Christmas season when Mrs. Van Buskirk and I taught them their songs and exercises for the Christmas entertainment at the church. They were never late, usually too early at rehearsals, their absolute attention was always given us, and the rapidity with which they learned gave us inexpressible delight. To be associated closely with the Koreans and to know them in the truest sense is to love them in the truest sense.

The mission boxes which had been so kindly sent to Mrs. Sharp from generous friends in America helped to make Christmas a happy one for the children. But I am sure their pleasure did not exceed mine in helping to assort and wrap the gifts up beforehand and presenting them to the children after they had successfully finished their program. There were eighty-eight who received these gifts and these eighty-eight girls came back to their studies at the close of vacation, and instead of a falling away as one might expect after the attractions of Christmas were over, there was a gain of six in attendance within two weeks.

The little Korean house served its purpose well this year but I believe the time has come for a new and larger building, well equipped, so as to compare favorably with the Japanese schools, and nowhere will such a building be appreciated more than in the city of Kong Ju.

All of my first year has been given to language study, but it was my privilege to go on one delightful itinerating trip when the glory of the autumn crowned the hills and harvest fields of this picturesque land. There are volumes concerning this trip stored away in brain cells, and I regret that space does not permit of my transmitting some herewith. Mrs. Sharp most kindly and considerately initiated me into the roaming, outdoor life of an itinerant. Although compelled to ford rivers by riding sometimes on a coolie's back, sometimes hoisted high in a chair above the shoulders of the four chair-men, and although it was necessary one rainy night to dry all of our bedding, even the mattresses, over a small brasier of charcoal before retiring, I was more enthusiastic and had a better opinion of an itinerant missionary's life at the close of this experience of fifteen days than I had at the beginning. During this time we covered 226 English miles. The real hardship was that I could not share in the teaching, but this spring I expect to spend much time on the district and will do the best and all I can with my limited knowledge of the language.

Everywhere we went there were boys and girls with the same heart hunger to study. But there were no schools, and no teachers available to put in charge of schools were it possible to start them. And in this great district, only a very small proportion of the children can be taken to the schools in Kong Ju or sent to our higher schools of learning in Seoul and Pyeng Yang, and so even in the midst of great rejoicing for which we have cause in Korea, our hearts must also be heavy and our souls burdened because of our inadequate equipment for doing all we see the need for.

The future Church of Korea is in the school rooms of Korea and the demand is immediate for every effort to be put forth by our missions to hold the boys and girls and to establish them in secular knowledge, as well as spiritual wisdom. There are wonderful possibilities wrapped up in these people, and I believe that God in His infinite plan of redemption is leading them out to the service of bringing in that Kingdom which is above all kingdoms, even the Kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ.

※ 역주: 필자 Olga P. Shaffer는 공주(Kong Ju, 충남) 미감리회 여선교사. Mrs. Sharp=사애리시(史愛理施, Alice Hammond Sharp), 공주 영명학교·여학교의 개척자. Ewha Haktang=이화학당. W.F.M.S.=미감리회 여성해외선교회. "Pouin"은 한국어 '부인(夫人/婦人)'의 음차. 본문 제목은 인쇄본대로 단수형(DAY SCHOOL)이나 목차는 복수형(Day Schools)이다.

성공적인 주일학교 A SUCCESSFUL SUNDAY SCHOOL.

— By R. M. Wilson, M.D.

원문 면: p. 238

It is pleasant to be able to write you of the steady growth of our Sabbath school at Kwang-ju. When I came four years ago we started with forty pupils and the number has now increased to five hundred. During this time the church has been enlarged to accommodate the crowd. Over a year ago we decided to give the entire morning to the Sunday School work and have the preaching service at two-thirty p.m. It is proving a great success and gives us plenty of time for the study of the Bible, with no such rush as we had when the two services were held in the morning. Two of the native pastors visited our schools recently at the mens' class and said they wish to try our methods in their churches at other stations.

The church being too small we divided the school and for a year about two-thirds of the school has met in our boys' school, which proves a fine place on account of so many class rooms with separate accommodation for each class, of which we have thirteen.

Since his arrival on the field Mr. Swinehart has had charge of the portion of the school at the church and they are doing fine work there. About two months ago he got together a lot of boys over in one corner of the town where the devil has been having a good time for hundreds of years. This number has increased to about sixty so Mr. Swinehart turned it over to Miss Fitch and his native assistant while he started another in a village nearby. The attendance here has grown to forty already.

Last Sabbath a third branch school in the edge of the city was started with an attendance of sixty; most of them dirty little boys from the streets, but think of the start. They very soon learn to love singing and take great pride in their Sunday School.

In our school to-day we had review from Abraham to Elisha and the manner in which they answered was splendid. A little boy about twelve years of age missed hardly a question. We are to have a regular examination at the end of six months and give Bibles to the twenty making the grades. The Old Testament has been out only a short while so the Koreans do not know much about its history but are learning very fast. They read the Bible like people at home would a novel.

On the fourth Sabbath in June we plan to hold semi-annual examinations in all these schools and the following Sabbath have a big Sunday School rally with all the Schools gathered at the church. We shall have special Songs from different schools and classes, reports on the growth of the schools, announcements of the results of examinations and distribution of prizes for the best grades.

In this line of work among the children there are untold opportunities and it is a work that can be carried on by School teachers, Doctors, nurses and those confined to the local work. Try it at your station.

※ 역주: 필자 R. M. Wilson, M.D.=로버트 M. 윌슨(우월순, 禹越巡), 광주 제중원(현 광주기독병원)·나환자 사업으로 유명한 남장로회 의료선교사. Mr. Swinehart=유서백(柳瑞百, Martin L. Swinehart), 남장로회 선교사. Kwang-ju=광주.

연례 보고서 발췌 EXTRACTS FROM ANNUAL REPORT.

— By Rev. W. A. Noble

원문 면: p. 239

SEOUL DISTRICT, METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH:—The city of Seoul has been the standard of the country work throughout the District for many years, therefore its spirit of progress and vigor means much for all. Apropos this fact I would like to call attention to the relation of the several churches to the city population. The Chong Dong church is practically isolated except for its relation to the two schools. Much of the congregation is found outside the west wall of the city and while the Sunday morning church attendance is large the evening congregation is difficult to collect.

Sang Dong church also is rapidly becoming separated from its people. The Japanese population will soon crowd the people across the city. This year, however, it is the banner church of the city, great credit being due to the pastor and his helpers for overcoming such great difficulties so well.

In order to solve this problem we opened church work in the heart of the city two years ago at Chong-no. We now have a following of over 300. The building is crowded, and utterly inadequate to meet the problem of our city work. The site is good but we must have a new church building capable of seating 1,500 people. Under the inspiration of their pastor and his friends the people propose to raise 3,000 yen towards the project.

The East Gate church is well located in its relation to the work of the city and the country, and if the Chong-no church is built, we shall have in these two churches a powerful leverage for our work.

Outside the west wall we have seven churches, as well as prayer rooms; nothing has so built up the city churches as the responsibility of looking after these smaller ones.

In November we opened a street chapel at Chong-no and the work of caring for it was participated in by all the churches of the city. Cold weather caused a suspension of the work. We have planned for a re-opening of the chapel as soon as the weather will permit. It is the first effort in this direction in the history of the Mission.

WON-JU DISTRICT:—There are twelve counties in this territory and nearly 400,000 people. We have 2,860 church attendants who are scattered over the whole section. There are thirty-four churches and fifty-four groups who gather for worship in buildings other than churches, making a total of eighty-eight. It requires a journey of 2,000 li and a period of 45 days to visit the work once. There are two ordained preachers, four local preachers, and six exhorters to do the work. There are no bible women on the district. About 600 were taught in bible classes during the winter. We have one church school and there are seven government schools and four private schools organized with about 800 pupils. This means that of the 40,000 children of school age only a few have school privileges.

Bro. Pak the District Superintendent has done excellent work. He has pushed forward self-support with great care. At Yeju the people have asked for a pastor, promising to pay 15.00 yen per month for his salary. At Ulchin they have agreed to pay 10.00 yen per month for a pastor.

The erection of a house for Dr. Anderson has been placed in the hands of a contractor. Before the end of the year the house will be completed and I trust through the generous efforts of the Chicago Swedish Conference the Hospital will be under way.

HAIJU DISTRICT:—Paik Chun has completed the new church with the help of 170.00 yen from friends in America. This is one of the very few churches in our Korean work that has received outside aid. The boys' and girls' schools have been enlarged and the people have in some cases almost impoverished themselves in the effort to raise the money necessary to complete them.

At the District Conference held in Yun-an the members were exhorted to support the Korean Missionary Society and in a few minutes they had promised the amount of 150.00 yen. Some of the women pulled off their wedding-rings and presented them with silver head adornments to the cause. The old spirit of self-sacrifice still obtains on the Haiju District.

The work of the members of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society on this District as well as on the Seoul and Wonju Districts deserves the deepest appreciation of the Mission. It is much to their praise that the proportion of women in many of the congregations greatly exceeds that of the men.

Progress in the three Districts mentioned has been marked by the erection of eleven churches during the seven months covered by this report, costing 4,484.00 yen. Total number of churches in this section of our work 184 and 66 other places of worship. There are 89 organized Sunday Schools with 11,080 pupils. Nearly all our church following gather every Sunday for bible study.

※ 역주: 필자 W. A. Noble=노보을(魯普乙, William Arthur Noble), 미감리회 선교사·평양/서울 지역 감리사. Chong Dong=정동, Sang Dong=상동, Chong-no=종로, East Gate=동대문, Won-ju=원주, Yeju=여주, Ulchin=울진, Paik Chun=배천(白川, 황해도), Yun-an=연안(延安, 황해도). "li(리)"는 거리 단위. 화폐 단위 yen(엔)은 당시 식민지 조선의 통화.

"당신 잡지에 실을 만한, 제 사역 이야기 좀 들려주시겠어요?" "SOMETHING ABOUT MY WORK THAT YOU CAN PRINT IN YOUR PAPER?"

— By Dr. M. M. Cutler

원문 면: p. 241

This sounds so like the "Tell some interesting incident, or special feature of your work illustrating how the people are being reached" asked for by the Secretary of the Student Volunteer Band of the University of Michigan, and as the incident I gave her is so similar to several others I have had during my stay in Korea perhaps I can do no better than to send you a copy of the reply I sent to her:—

"Night before last was a nasty rainy evening, but a score or more of the Official Members responded to the call of the 'District Superintendent' to be present at what is known in all Methodism as the 'Quarterly Conference' and I was one of the five missionaries present.

"Just before 10 o'clock, and as the business was drawing toward its close, the door was thrown open and a Korean man called, in excited tones, something, of which I only caught the words, 'doctor is wanted.' I supposed the Typhoid case in the hospital, which is next door to the church, had had another alarming sinking spell so grabbed my rubbers and umbrella and rushed, between the chairman and the people, out of doors to be told that some one had fallen into the public well just outside the wall around the native pastor's house.

"Some of the men near the door had gone on ahead and when I reached the well I saw by the light of the lamp which had been taken from the nail at the side door of the church, a bunch of humanity partially covered with drenched clothes. It was a woman, face downward, insensible, but breathing. Either she had floated or the well was not so deep but that one of the men had rescued her without difficulty but several were saying, in tones which seemed to despair of an answer, 'She is out of the well but in the cold mud and rain. We do not know who she is nor where she lives; she can't talk yet; what is to be done'?

"I said 'see if there is not a wooden door on some building near here which can easily be lifted out of its sockets. Bring it and carry her on it to the hospital.'

"'Oh! what thankful words!' came from a chorus of voices and in less time than it takes to tell it the would be suicide was having a free ride on a shed door, carried by four native Christians—not coolies—in the direction of the hospital. If I had not had a firm grip of her belt she would have fallen off while going thro the hospital gate into the Hospital where she gained consciousness and tried to raise up and demanded the 'why' and the 'where'?

"In front of the hospital door the 'stretcher' was put on the ground and she was finally persuaded to stand and be helped to her feet, shivering and bewildered. The native nurses and I got her into dry clothes and surrounded her with hot bricks as soon as possible, then made her a bed on the warm native floor of the ward and she was soon fast asleep.

"About 8 o'clock next morning her husband and daughter and other relatives appeared (after an all night search) and wanted to take her home......There had been a quarrel with the mother-in-law......Suicides for spite are frequent in Korea.

"The woman was still so surly at being defeated in her attempt to die that I persuaded her friends to leave her with us a few days till she was stronger and in a happier mood.

"The whole family are heathen but our nurses and Bible-woman have been teaching and praying with her till there seems a fair prospect of her becoming a Christian. The family are very poor so she is being kept in the 'free-bed' department.

"By these various means we trust the Lord will help us to help the whole family into the Kingdom."

LATER.—Before she left the hospital she had lost the hard, surly expression; she looked happy from morning till night; she professed belief in Jesus; she prayed for herself and family. The husband could not thank us all enough for the kindnesses shown his wife and promised to attend church. The Bible-woman went to learn where they lived but a week later when she called again the whole family had moved away and no trace of them has yet been found. This, however, does not discourage me. All that could have been done for the woman was done. And God promises that His Word shall not return to Him void.

MARY M. CUTLER.

※ 역주: 필자 Mary M. Cutler, M.D.(메리 M. 커틀러)는 미감리회 여성 의료선교사로 보구녀관·평양 광혜여원에서 사역했다. Quarterly Conference=계삭회(季朔會, 감리교 분기별 직원회). "free-bed"=무료 병상. University of Michigan=미시간 대학교.

병원 사업의 열매 HOSPITAL RESULTS.

— E. L. S.

원문 면: p. 242

A woman, very badly burned, came to the Severance Hospital in Seoul for treatment, but after some time it was evident she was beyond recovery and she asked that she might be sent home to die. On visiting her the Bible-woman was delighted to find that not only had the sufferer herself accepted the message of salvation but her husband and his mother had also decided to become Christians as a result of the poor patient's testimony and changed life. At last their dear one was called away and the family refused to follow the usual heathen funeral rites, so by the choice of Christian rites they were able to give the first proofs of the faith that was in them. By the sympathy and help of the village Christians it is hoped that soon the whole family may become possessors and witnesses of the truth.

E. L. S.

※ 역주: 서명 "E. L. S."는 세브란스병원 간호사 에스더 L. 쉴즈(Esther L. Shields)로 추정된다(이 호 '인성이와 그의 어머니'의 필자와 동일 이니셜). Severance Hospital=세브란스병원(서울 남대문 밖).

이화학당의 한 해 사업 THE YEAR'S WORK IN EWHA HAKTANG.

— By Miss L. Frey

원문 면: p. 243

In reviewing the Conference year we cannot but begin our report with a note of praise to Him who has heard and answered prayer. Miss Marker's improvement in health and her coming back to us early in the fall term, was cause for great rejoicing. Later our cup of joy seemed running over when three new recruits well equipped for service, arrived.

At the opening of school in September three of us, Miss Tuttle, Miss Haenig, and Miss Frey began the work; Miss Marker's classes awaited her coming. The new ladies, Miss Walter, Miss Harmon, and Miss Pye, immediately upon arrival early in December began the study of the language but did not take up class work until the new schedule went into effect at the opening of the winter term on January 3rd, when one member of the force, in view of an early home going, dropped her classes. And now, at the close of the winter term, we lose Miss Tuttle who goes from us to fill a vacancy in another part of the work. Especially have her Bible teaching and her care of the Sewing Department been of value to the school.

Mrs. Hugh Miller out of pure love for the work, continues to give her time and strength to the Chorus class. We hope she feels somewhat repaid by the love the girls unstintingly give her. This class is occasionally invited to sing in the churches and at special Y.M.C.A. meetings. We are glad they can be of service while yet in school and trust they will also be of use in the churches with which they may be connected after leaving us.

Mrs. Ha in her work has been more than satisfactory, fitting into the places of need so willingly and efficiently. During the past year, the teachers and helpers, one and all, have combined in their efforts to make the school year the best we have ever had. We have on our staff six foreign teachers, seven native teachers, and eleven college-students who each teach one or two periods a day, and yet we still wrestle with the problem of supplying teachers for the 91 classes on the schedule. This number does not include the Physical Culture, Music, or drawing classes. We have found it necessary with the growing work to have a helper in the office. He carries no small part of the work and has already made himself invaluable.

We want to make special mention of the work of O Moksa who in November, while finishing his last term in the Theological School, held evening services in Ewha for three weeks, which resulted in such a revival among the girls as we have never before witnessed. It was marked by such a spirit of prayer that, burdened for themselves or others, many of the girls forgot to eat or sleep. Real conviction took hold of them and, in an agony of prayer, they repented, confessed to God, and with bright faces and happy hearts testified to forgiveness of sin. Busy now with school duties, yet feeling the necessity for prayer, many of the girls rise as early as four o'clock to pray. We rejoice to see the fruits of the Spirit being manifested in their lives and to watch them developing fragrant Christian characters. Our hearts are full of gratitude for this special visitation of the Spirit.

Efforts are being made to conform to the government requirements, necessitating the changing of our Course of Study in some small degree and the adjusting of classes which we hope may be for the betterment of the school.

Commencement will this year be held on the 18th of March, the month in which all the government schools close the year. The adjustment is a little difficult at first but another year we shall find it easier. The senior class of the Academic Department numbers 15, the largest we have yet graduated. So great is the demand for teachers on the districts that we are sure they will prove all too few to supply the need. Most of last year's class of eight are teaching. Esther Choi is in charge of one of our grammar grades in Ewha. Three of our brightest girls came back to us for college work and each teaches two periods a day. Daisy Kim has been employed in the Haiju day school. Maria Ye was married soon after graduating and in the fall took a position as teacher in one of our day-schools outside the East Gate. Hu Chung Si, while willing to teach, had home duties which prevented her accepting a position but another year she hopes to be able to teach. Stella Kim was married to a man living in the Southern Province, out of our Methodist territory. She became a Christian while with us and was the means of bringing several members of her family into the church.

We aim to keep several of the girls from each class to teach a year or more in Ewha before marrying, thus better fitting them to teach in the day schools later and at the same time giving us help in the teaching of the lower grades. This is the best we can do until single women are more the fashion in Korea, and we can keep our girls longer.

The receipts for the year are 1,400.20 yen. The enrollment for the two terms we are now reporting has been 184, one less than we reported for three terms of last year. Forty-seven are pay-pupils, 79 are on scholarships, making 125 boarders. The remainder are day scholars. Eleven students are doing college work and 48 are in the Academic Department. Our dormitories are more than full, the overflow sleeping in the dining-room. Some plan for further accommodation will have to be made. The only feasible one which comes to us now is to build a day school building on the compound for the primary and grammar grades and use the present class-rooms for dormitories which can be adapted nicely for the need.

Many things have combined to make this the best year of the school. Our new class-rooms and gymnasium were ready for use when school opened. The chapel in which we were so crowded last year was enlarged by moving a partition so that now it will comfortably seat 250 persons. From the Quarter Centennial Fund we have been able to build a bath-room for the school girls, and to install heat and water in the building, which add greatly to our comfort and convenience. The new teachers, the appropriation for physical and chemical apparatus, and one for furniture, will greatly help us toward our ideals in the college department.

We are grateful to Him who supplies all our need, and wish we also might thank all friends, both here and in the home-land, who have had a part in the success of the year.

※ 역주: 필자 Miss L. Frey=룰루 E. 프라이(Lulu E. Frey), 이화학당 제3대 당장(堂長)으로 이화의 대학과(college department) 설립을 이끈 인물. "O Moksa(오 목사)"는 한국인 목사. Quarter Centennial Fund=(미감리회 여선교회의) 25주년 기념 기금. Ewha Haktang=이화학당, East Gate=동대문.

평양 광혜여원(廣惠女院) WOMAN'S HOSPITAL OF EXTENDED GRACE, PYENG YANG.

— Mrs. R. S. Hall, M.D.

원문 면: p. 245

Only ten months have elapsed since the last annual report of this work, and only half of that time have I been back from furlough. After but three months of active work in the hospital, I was laid up with phlebitis. Dr. Follwell was away and Miss Hallman preparing to return to Yeng Byen, so one patient who was in for an operation that could as well be deferred, I sent home, another operation that was urgent Dr. Wells kindly attended to for me, and for the rest, the following month I did the best I could from my room—through the nurses reporting the cases to me—but it was a second hand way, not very satisfactory to me. So I was very glad when Dr. Hillman came from Seoul early in February and took charge of hospital and dispensary until the arrival of Dr. Agnes Edmonds of our West China work, a refugee, whom it has pleased God to send us at this much needed time.

As will be readily seen this report is quite as much or more of the work of others as of my own.

Miss Hallman had the care of the hospital work the first five months, receiving much courteous professional aid from Dr. Follwell, the two Drs. Wells, Dr. Miller and his sister—to each of whom we are very grateful. We understand that after her furlough we are to lose Miss Hallman in a very pleasant way. We shall miss her good work, and wish her much joy in her new field of labor.

During the ten months a total of 3,709 cases have been treated: 72 of these were outcalls; 91 were inpatients and 1,106 were dispensary patients who returned 2,440 times. Over half of these patients are Christian or the children of Christian parents, and of these Christian patients the greater half again are Presbyterian. Once more I suggest that the Presbyterian mission should send an associate woman physician to do their share of this work, and to help train Korean women physicians to do the much greater work awaiting to be done. Nearly the whole of the first class of girls to graduate at our Union Academy, both Presbyterian and Methodist are desirous of studying Medicine, and ought not to be put off much longer.

From the non-Christian patients has been secured, I think, about the usual church attendance, and a number of seekers, but the Bible-woman, Eunice Whoang, who has these statistics, is away now holding a country-class, and I can not give a detailed report of that or of her house-to-house visits, etc.

The hospital Bible-woman furnished by the Baltimore Branch, has been helping for seven months. She has made over 100 visits in the patients' homes; she also has charge of the morning-prayers with the inpatients and talks and prays with them individually, and reports five or six conversions. We have had some demented patients who have been greatly helped by prayer and medicine, with the emphasis upon prayer.

Dispensary and outcall receipts have been about $170 gold, and from the inpatient department a little over $200 has been received, all of which has been used for local supplies and running expenses. If the price of fuel and rice had not run so high, we would have had some balance toward repairs this year.

The total number of days spent in the wards by the inpatients is 2,001—an average of three weeks per patient. Barring out the item of fuel, the receipts from these patients covers four-fifths of the expenditure for them. Fuel has practically eaten up all the appropriation for free patients, though we are not heating as many wards as are really needed these cold months. Our long coveted heating plant arrived too late for installing this winter; we are hoping for much comfort from it another year—warm halls will be a boon, and all the warm rooms are needed. However, it is likely the expense will be about the same, so that if we take care of the number of poor patients we should, we must have a greater allowance for free-beds.

One of the occupants of our free-beds the past three months has been Magdalia, the wife of Pastor Whoang. Both Mr. and Mrs. Whoang are of those early converts in Pyeng Yang before the China-Japan war, under the ministry of Dr. W. J. Hall; they are quite old people now, but Mr. Whoang told me recently that, though past 62 years, he could outwalk the younger men on his circuit; and I was gratified to hear Dist. Supt. Morris say that he felt this veteran should be continued on the pay roll, though, as this means but $9 per month for himself, wife and three children, he felt Mrs. Whoang should have a free bed in the hospital. I agreed, and have felt it a privilege to minister to her—she is always so thankful and appreciative. Through the siege of 1894, Mrs. Whoang bravely remained in this city with her husband and a few other Christians, among whom was Kim Chang Sik. I have heard her tell how once in crossing their court, she stooped just in time to avoid a whizzing bullet which grazed the blanket binding her baby to her back!

In the Edith Margaret ward a small boy with hip-joint disease (brought to us early, for a wonder) is surely recovering. He has had a plaster cast and cod-liver-oil, and is growing fat and strong, can run about now though he couldn't walk a step three months ago. Some other little orthopedic patients have not as yet done so well.

Work in the gynecological department continues to increase; it is interesting to note that several Japanese women have availed themselves of this department. This coming Conference year I am anticipating with pleasure a long looked for associate in the medical work in the person of Dr. Mary M. Cutler.

We are deeply grateful for the presence and help of Dr. Edmonds, and can but regret that all too soon for us she must return to her own work. She was aroused from sleep the other night by an outcall to an obstetrical patient, and in a couple of hours was back, having saved the lives of both mother and child that must have been lost without her skilled assistance.

Dr. Edmonds had scarcely gotten our work in hand when our only Korean graduate-nurse, Mrs. Grace Yee, was taken seriously ill with pneumonia. Besides being our chief compounder, and, as she knows some English, acted as interpreter for the doctor. So it has made it pretty hard, but Prudence, our blind teacher, has helped with the interpreting, and Dr. Cutler kindly sent another nurse from Seoul. Am glad to report that Nurse Yee is making a good recovery.

For the interest of some in the home-land who may remember the picture of our operating room, I wish to say that Nurse Yee is the one administering the anaesthetic. You remember her story—the little diseased slave girl that I treated in the hospital at Seoul years ago. We removed some necrosed bone, and later her treatment was continued by Dr. Cutler. When she was better she went to school at Ewha mornings, helping in the hospital afternoon; and when Miss Edmunds (by the way, a distant cousin of Dr. Edmonds) started the Training School for Nurses, Grace joined the first class and in due time graduated. She is married and has two plump, strong looking boys of her own beside the one left her husband by his former wife; and we are very thankful the Lord is sparing her to us and her family. As I told Supt. Morris just before she was sick, when he was debating the appointment of her husband to another district, "Nurse Grace Yee is very essential to our hospital work here and I'd not like to loose her."

Turning to the picture again, I also want to tell you that the patient upon the operating table from whose arm and leg we removed necrosed bone made a good recovery, and decided she would like to become a nurse. Miss Hallman kindly encouraged her and has given her a good start. Her surname is Hong. Nurse Hong went through Miss Robbins' scarlet-fever siege, most of the time on both day and night duty, and came out looking so well; she has done faithful ward work since, and is very promising.

The saving of a few such women to lives of usefulness makes one eager to "serve another day" and I am indeed grateful to my Heavenly Father that He has in His providence allowed me to come to this corner of His vineyard now for the fourth time, and I trust that around my incompleteness will be His completeness. The Koreans also are grateful as they continue to show me in many ways that are comforting amidst some things difficult to bear.

It is hard to be upon the other side of the globe from Sherwood, but it is what all missionary parents have to adjust their hearts to from the babyhood of their children, and I can not be thankful enough for our school for missionary children at Pyeng Yang which made it possible to keep him with me as long as I did. Nearly every American mail bears me a letter postmarked Mt. Hermon, and it is a great comfort to know that Sherwood is diligently preparing to do his part to answer the prayers of Kim Chang Sik and other faithful friends of his father, and that, if health and life are spared, he will some day take up in Korea the work laid down by his father. The Lord grant it.

※ 역주: 필자 Mrs. R. S. Hall, M.D.=로제타 셔우드 홀(Rosetta Sherwood Hall), 평양 광혜여원(Woman's Hospital of Extended Grace)과 맹아·농아 교육의 개척자. "Dr. W. J. Hall"은 그의 남편 윌리엄 제임스 홀(1860-94)이며, "Sherwood(셔우드)"는 아들 셔우드 홀(훗날 한국 결핵 퇴치·크리스마스 실 창시자). "Edith Margaret ward"는 어려서 죽은 딸 에디스 마거릿을 기려 명명한 병동. Kim Chang Sik=김창식(한국 감리교 최초 목사 중 한 사람). siege of 1894=청일전쟁 중 평양 전투(1894). Yeng Byen=영변, Mt. Hermon=미국 캘리포니아 마운트 허먼.

그레이스 데이비스 양의 편지 A LETTER FROM MISS GRACE DAVIS.

— Grace Davis (Chung Ju, Korea)

원문 면: p. 248

Dear Friends:— (Chung Ju, Korea.)

So often letters come asking about our lives and our relations with the Koreans, and often we are asked if we really can love them. In answer I wish I could take you with me to visit some of my Korean friends, but since you cannot see them in their homes I shall have to be content with word pictures.

First let us visit Grandmother Eu in her home some forty miles across the mountains. It is a poor thatched roof house with only rough mats for carpets and beds, and there are no shining brass vessels in the kitchen; all is cheap pottery made on the hillside. No servants are there. The old lady and her daughter-in-law do all the work of the household outside and in, for the son is a peddler and seldom at home, but though the marks of care, with hard work and insufficient food through the seventy years of her life show deep on her face, there is an unusual radiance there because of the hope of a new life where there is no more hunger and no more cold winters to chill the aching limbs.

She had been a Christian several months before I first saw her, but as yet had received no instruction beyond the fact that Jesus was able to save her from her sins if she but believed and trusted in Him, so she had been praying very earnestly that some one should be sent to teach her and the rest of the new Christians in the village. On last Thanksgiving day her prayer was answered when my Bible woman and I arrived to hold a two weeks' Bible class in the little church. I wish you could have seen her as she came to greet us with tears of joy in her eyes, or heard her as she gave her prayer of thanksgiving to God for answering her petitions. You could not have doubted that though ignorant her faith was firm.

She was too old to learn to read, her eyes were too dim but she sat through the five hours of study each day never loosing a word and no one in the class was able to give better answers than she. One day she came to me and said "You cannot know what the class has meant to me, I have tried to be a Christian but I did not know that Jesus came to earth and was born a little baby like you and me, I did not know that He ate and drank and lived just like we do. I know now why He understands and can forgive us even when we are such great sinners. At night I close my eyes and can see Him as He lay that night in the manger, or as He lived in Gallilee blessing and healing people, and O, I love Him so! But I cannot picture Him on the cross, the tears come to think that He had to die for my sins, but I will serve Him faithfully and preach to every-one I see and try to get them to believe."

When it came time for me to go it was bitterly cold, everything was covered with ice and snow, but Grandmother Eu was there bright and early to see me off and would trust no one else to bundle me up and tuck me into my chair. After an hour's ride over stones and ice I reached a village where I held a service and just as it closed in came Mrs. Eu, her bare hands and ankles almost frozen, for she could not afford the warm padded garments commonly worn in winter. I said "Grandmother, you should not have come so far in the cold, you will be sick." But she said, "That does not matter, I was afraid that these strangers would not wrap you up warmly and you would freeze, then how could others learn of Jesus as you have taught us to know Him?"

They brought in a bowl of chestnuts, a great luxury to them, and we all sat talking and eating them until time for me to start on, then Mrs. Eu wrapped me up and asked for my muff which she took into the house and digging down in a corner of the ashes she uncovered her share of the nuts and put them in the muff, saying, "They will help to keep your hands warm and if you eat them after awhile you won't get so cold." And she was living on only one good meal and one-half meal a day because the price of rice was so high. Do you wonder that I love her and many more just like her?

Sincerely yours,

GRACE DAVIS.

※ 역주: 필자 Grace Davis(그레이스 데이비스)는 청주(Chung Ju, 충북) 지역의 여선교사. "Grandmother Eu(어 할머니)"는 한국인 여신자. Gallilee는 Galilee(갈릴리)의 원문 철자 그대로임. Chung Ju=청주(공주 Kong Ju와 구별).

선천 여성 사경회 THE SYEN CHYUN WOMEN'S BIBLE STUDY CLASS.

— By Mrs. G. S. McCune

원문 면: p. 249

The Syen Chyun Bible Class for Women was held April 2 to 11. 646 women were adorned with badges bought with their own precious nickels and dear to their hearts. Beside these there were a goodly number who came in too late for the enrollment which closed after the first half of the class had passed. Altogether the attendance ran beyond 700. And the evening meetings were still further enlarged by the attendance of local women. As usual the class was divided into baptized, catechumen and new believing women. The last two classes were easily divided into three divisions according to age. Baptized women were divided into three main divisions, those who have studied for years and are Sunday School teachers or Bible Women, those who had studied before but had not yet attained unto "the worthies", and lastly those who had never before studied as baptized women. All of these were again sub-divided according to age. The various sub-divisions gave us thirteen classes to be taught twice daily and we pressed into service as teachers many of our local leading women as well as the two or three church officers who were available. Mrs. Bernheisel come from Pyeng Yang and gave her time and strength to the teaching. Besides her two hours the members of our own station were able to give nine hours daily so the teaching was eleven foreign to fifteen Korean, or twenty-six hours taught daily.

Each Class has its good points and the one thing which seemed to characterize this Class was the lack of sight-seers who come and go. After morning prayers the women settled down to quiet study and there seemed to be little of the restless wandering from class to class that some times is so disturbing.

The Sabbath of the class was Easter and the church was filled to over-flowing with women alone. The Communion service was exceedingly impressive and the sermon which Pastor Kim preached was just the message of death and resurrection that the women needed. Two of the three wings of the North Church were filled with the communicants while the third was reserved for those not yet in full membership. While no actual count was made it is estimated that eight hundred women joined in the communion. It was a privilege to sit and watch their earnest faces as they listened to the sermon and received the communion.

A new pleasure enjoyed by the women this year was the Magic Lantern which Dr. Sharrocks imported and which made its first bows to the public during those days. The homes of the missionaries afforded the usual sight-see to those who came. Each day had its hour of singing, some evenings dealt with practical every day life, but the main thing for each woman apparently was the time spent daily in the devotional hours of prayer and Bible study.

※ 역주: 필자 Mrs. G. S. McCune=윤산온(尹山溫, George S. McCune) 선교사의 부인. 선천(Syen Chyun, 평북)은 북장로회의 주요 선교지부. Dr. Sharrocks=사락수(謝樂秀, Alfred M. Sharrocks), 선천 미동병원 의료선교사. Mrs. Bernheisel=평양 번하이슬(편하설) 선교사 부인. "the worthies(유위자)"=일정 자격을 갖춘 신자 등급. Magic Lantern=환등기(幻燈機).

전주 선교지부 소식 CHUNJU STATION NOTES.

원문 면: p. 250

Chunju station rejoices in the acquisition of three new missionaries this spring,—Rev. Dwight Winn and his sister, and Miss Lillian Austin. These, together with Misses Buckland and Colton have gone to Pyang Yang to study in the language class during June.

The closing exercises of the Girls' Academy of which Miss Buckland had charge this year, were held in the chapel on May 29th and were attended by a large crowd of appreciative mothers and relatives and a small representation of fathers. There were no graduates from the High School Department this year, but seven girls received their certificates of promotion from the Grammar into the High School.

Word has just been received of the death, at her home in America on May 11th, of Mrs. Miriam Wylie, mother of Mrs. J. F. Preston. Mrs. Wylie spent two years with her daughter in Kwangju several years ago and will be remembered by many of the missionaries and all will sympathise with Mrs. Preston in her loss. Mr. and Mrs. Preston are now in America, but are expected soon to return to their work in Korea.

Rev. J. Y. McGinnis and wife and their four sons and Dr. and Mrs. W. H. Venable of the Southern Presbyterian Mission in China were recent visitors in Chunju.

The Individual Communion Service presented to the Chunju church by a friend in the United States was used at the recent communion service for the first time, with no confusion resulting from the innovation.

The Woman's Missionary Society of the Chunju churches which has been employing a woman evangelist for city work for a number of years, decided at a recent meeting to give the money this year to the Quelpart work and each woman try to do more preaching and personal work herself. We pray that this may bring a greater blessing to the women themselves and to the women whom they teach and to the work in Quelpart.

WOMEN'S COUNTRY CLASSES "IN CHUNJU" FIELD.

The class teaching for the 147 churches of the Chunju Field has been done this year by Mrs. McCutcheon, Miss Tate and Mrs. Tate and their Biblewomen. As classes could only be held in a limited number of these churches, it has been the endeavor to get the women of the other churches in that section to unite with the women of the church where the class was held. In many places, owing to the scarcity of food due to crop failures of the past two years, very few women were able to go away from home to study and this greatly diminished the size of many of the classes. Thirty classes, usually of a week's duration, were held by the missionaries and in addition to these, the Bible-women held a number of shorter primary classes. Other churches were also visited and personal work done among both the Christians and the heathen in the villages, so that almost all of the groups have been reached either by the missionary lady or the Biblewomen. A few of the classes in the older churches were two grade classes, but the most of them were taught in one grade. One encouraging feature has been that a larger per centage than usual of those enrolled have been regular in their attendance upon the classes, and also a larger proportion in the classes could read. At Iksan Eumnai two-thirds of the women could read. The most of the women have been earnest and attentive and had a strong desire to learn. Some have endured persecution for the cause of Christ, and as they studied the Word and prayed God greatly blessed them. The Biblewomen have been active and earnest and while the missionary teachers were busy in the class they visited the homes of the surrounding villages, teaching the Gospel to the women, giving tracts, selling books and inviting the women to attend the church services.

One unexpected influence of this country work was discovered by one of the missionaries when she heard an old woman tell her daughter-in-law to "stop washing the clothes so much, there is not need of it, the missionaries sometimes wear their dark clothes a year without washing them!"

※ 역주: 전주(Chunju, 전북)는 남장로회의 주요 선교지부. Quelpart=제주도의 옛 서양식 표기. Iksan Eumnai=익산 읍내. Mrs. J. F. Preston=변요한(John F. Preston) 선교사의 부인. Miss Tate=최마태(Mattie Tate), 테이트 남매는 전주 개척 선교사. 원문에 평양이 "Pyang Yang"으로 오식되어 있으나 평양(Pyeng Yang)을 가리킨다.

평양 연합어학교 UNION LANGUAGE SCHOOL AT PYENG YANG.

— C. F. Bernheisel

원문 면: p. 252

Two years ago the Presbyterian Mission North decided to hold two language classes for a month each for the benefit of the new missionaries, one in Taiku and one in Pyeng Yang. For some reason the one in Taiku was not held but the one in Pyeng Yang was carried on for a month with Mrs. Baird as teacher, the students being drawn from various stations of the Mission.

Last year the experiment was repeated and the Methodist Station at Pyeng Yang decided to coöperate, furnishing one teacher and a number of students. The class was considered a success, and as nothing succeeds like success it was decided to enlarge the scope of the class with the hope of benefiting a larger number of students.

The inspiration for the enlarged plans came from reading the account of the great success and usefulness of the Language School held in Shanghai for the benefit of the many missionaries who were perforce gathered there on account of the disturbed condition of the interior. The local Pyeng Yang committee composed of representatives of the Presbyterian and Methodist Missions were thereby emboldened to issue a general invitation to any and all who might wish to come. When the applications reached twenty we considered that the school would surely be a success. When the forty mark was reached we were astonished and when seventy applications reached us the two or three who were appointed to teach began to see things at night and wondered if they had not bitten off more than they could chew. The response was none the less surprising than gratifying for it showed a great desire on the part of the newer and some of the older missionaries to get acquainted with the Korean language. It was not the fame of the teachers that attracted the students for the names of the teachers were not published. The attraction was simply the desire to get some help over the difficult places of this difficult tongue. Nor did the teachers plan to pose as language experts to give inspired instruction on the Korean language but the invitation was "come and let us study together."

They came, and a goodly lot they were. Their ages ranged from sweet sixteen to—to—but really we didn't ask them their ages. Nearly every Mission in Korea was represented. The Presbyterians North had 28, the Southern Presbyterians 10, the M. E. North 19, the M. E. South 3, the Australians 3, the Canadians 1, the Salvation Army 2, the Oriental Mission 2, the Adventists 1 and the Bible Societies 2.

The unexpectedly large number of applications scared the three teachers originally appointed into telegraphing over the country loud calls for help, so that the faculty at length stood as follows;—Mrs. W. M. Baird, Rev. Cyril Ross and Rev. C. F. Bernheisel for the Presbyterians, Rev. A. L. Becker and Dr. Van Buskirk for the Northern Methodists and Rev. B. M. Stokes for the Southern Methodists.

There were three divisions, the first for first year people, the second for second year people and the third for all others. The first two divisions were subdivided into two sections each so that the classes were not too large for good work and individual attention.

The curriculum was practically that which was published in the May Korea Mission Field so it need not be repeated here.

Apart from the language-study there were various items that rendered the time here all the more enjoyable and beneficial. Once or twice each week lectures were given by various ones, some on subjects related to the language and some on other subjects. The McWaters Quartette gave two delightful concerts which were much appreciated by all. Tennis tournaments and various Base-ball games also kept the physical man in trim.

Special attention was given to the devotional side of the school. Sabbath services, chapel exercises and various prayer meetings were all very highly edifying spiritually and some felt that the benefits thereby received would alone have justified the month's assembly. Certain it is that the spiritual, intellectual and physical needs were all cared for and by common consent equally benefitted.

At a mass meeting of the school the following resolutions were adopted:—

RESOLVED:—That each Mission represented in the General Council be requested to coöperate in making this language school a permanently successful institution, and at its ensuing Annual Meeting or otherwise it be requested to elect two members to represent it on a Board of Directors who shall have power to make plans for the permanent organization and running of the school.

RESOLVED FURTHER:—That the said Board of Directors be requested to hold a meeting for organization and making plans for the future of the language school not later than the last of September.

RESOLVED FURTHER:—Realizing the great benefit derived from language classes which all missionaries may attend, especially for beginners in the study of the language, we recommend that the Board of Directors plan for a language school for beginners to be in session for six months each year and that all new missionaries be appointed to the school: and further that the language school referred to in the two previous resolutions hold in the month of June or other suitable season a month session for more advanced pupils.

These resolutions were unanimously adopted by all present.

C. F. BERNHEISEL.

※ 역주: 필자 C. F. Bernheisel=편하설(片夏薛, Charles F. Bernheisel), 평양 북장로회 선교사. 이 연합어학교는 훗날 서울의 '조선예수교장감연합협의회 언어학교'로 발전하는 선교사 한국어 교육의 초기 형태이다. Mrs. W. M. Baird=배위량(William M. Baird, 숭실 설립자)의 부인 애니 베어드. Taiku=대구, Shanghai=상하이.

해주에서 보내는 기도 요청 REQUESTS FOR PRAYER FROM HAIJU.

원문 면: p. 254

We are much in need of a new church in Haiju City. The present one is usually crowded and doubtless many stay away owing to lack of room. We ask for prayers that we may soon have a building where all who so desire may find room during the hours of worship.

Our hospital in charge of Dr. Norton is growing constantly in efficiency and the medical work is increasing steadily. We pray that the Lord may open the way for a modern building in which to carry on this important work properly.

Prayer for our Girls' Schools is requested. Properly equipped teachers are wanted so that our schools may teach the youth of the nation the latest and best methods of study and thus strengthen the quality of our students.

We especially request prayer for our whole district, that the Holy Spirit may fill the hearts of all our leaders so that the Gospel message may win the hearts of the thousands that are yet in darkness.

※ 역주: 해주(Haiju, 황해도)는 미감리회 선교지부. "Dr. Norton"은 이 호 '유치원 사업' 필자 노튼 부인의 남편 아서 H. 노튼(Arthur H. Norton) 의료선교사. 이 호의 마지막 글이며, 8월호는 인쇄면 254면에서 끝난다(다음은 9월호 표지, 표지 사진은 고(故) 모펫 부인).

부록: 지명·주소 좌표 색인 (지도 매핑용)

이 호에 언급된 지명을 위도/경도로 정리한 것으로, 카카오맵·구글맵 등 지도 매핑 데이터베이스 축적용이다.