Notes and Personals ........................ 257

A Beautiful Life. (Mrs. Moffett) ........ Miss M. Best. 258

Women's Work at Taiku ............ Mrs. H. M. Bruen. 262

A Leisurely Cruise on the Han River ...... Rev. S. A. Beck. 264

Evangelistic Work in Seoul Station. (Presbyterian Mission, North) ...... 267

In the Beginning ........................ Rev. W. C. Rufus. 269

Students' Summer Conference, Seoul ............ P. L. Gillett. 271

Severance Hospital, Seoul ........................ 273

Wonsan Bible School for Women ............ Mrs. J. B. Ross. 275

Kong-ju West District ........................ Rev. W. C. Swearer. 276

Educational Progress in Seoul. (Presbyterian Mission, North) ...... 279

“Mission Problems in Japan” ........................ 281

PUBLICATION INFORMATION (Masthead)

발행 정보 (판권란)

Vol. VIII — September, 1912 — No. 9 / 인쇄면 257

PUBLISHED MONTHLY at Seoul in the interest of all the Evangelical Missions in Korea.

EDITOR.—LILIAS H. UNDERWOOD.

ASSOCIATE EDITORS.—Mrs. HUGH MILLER and Mrs. GERALD BONWICK. All editorial communications should be addressed to the Associate Editors, c/o the Tract House, Seoul.

BUSINESS MANAGER.—Mr. GERALD BONWICK, the Tract House, Seoul.

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, including postage to any part of the world, one yen, or 50 cents gold, or 2/1 English Currency. Business matters and Subscriptions should be addressed to Mr. BONWICK as above. Remittances from countries other than Korea and Japan should always be sent by FOREIGN MONEY ORDER or ordinary Bank cheque. Please do not send stamps or Inland Money Orders.

If preferred Subscriptions may also be sent to any of the following:—

IN AMERICA. Dr. A. B. LEONARD, 150 Fifth Ave., New York. Rev. J. E. McCULLOCH, 422 Park Ave., Nashville, Tenn. Mr. D. H. DAY, 156 Fifth Ave., New York. Mr. JOSEPH PINCKNEY DURHAM, 1155 W. 30th St., Indianapolis, Ind. Rev. ERNEST HALL, 920 Sacramento St., San Francisco, Cal.

IN GREAT BRITAIN. Mrs. BONWICK, 28 Weston Park, Crouch End, London, England.

SINGLE COPIES, 10 sen; three of same issue for 25 sen.

PRINTED by Fukuin Printing Co., Kobe, Japan.

【역자 주】 판권란의 인명·지명 로마자 표기를 그대로 옮기고 한글 음을 병기함. 'sen(센)'은 당시 일본 화폐 단위(1엔=100센). 'Tract House'는 전도문서관(예수교서회 계열). 부편집인 두 명이 7개월간 편집을 대행했고, 다음 11월호부터 릴리어스 언더우드가 편집을 재개한다고 10월호에 예고됨.

NOTES AND PERSONALS

논설 및 인물 동정

인쇄면 257–258

Miss Robbins of Pyeng Yang has left for a short furlough in the United States.

On the 1st of July little Kenneth McLane Smith arrived to brighten the home of Dr. and Mrs. Smith of Severance Hospital, Seoul.

A card announces the arrival of Helen Grove on July 7th; the property of Rev. and Mrs. P. L. Grove of Haiju.

Bishop W. B. Murrah, who visited Korea last year, will again preside at the Annual Meeting of the M. E. Mission, South, this fall. Since he has been relieved of all episcopal duties in America he is left free to make a study of Oriental Mission Fields, and will be able to help forward the work in Korea in a way that has not been possible hitherto.

Dr. W. W. Pinson, the General Secretary of the Board of Missions of the M. E. Church, South, arrived in Seoul, Thursday, July 18th. After a week's stay he proceeded to Japan to join his wife, intending to return to Korea about the middle of August. Dr. Pinson expects to visit Seoul, Songdo, Wonsan and Choon-chun, making as thorough a study as possible of the situation and of the needs of the field. He will remain in Korea until after the Annual Meeting of the Mission.

Miss B. H. Bennett, President of the Woman's Council of the M. E. Church, South, is also expected on a visit to Korea in the fall.

For the fourth time New York University has honored Dr. Underwood with a degree, for on June 5th he was presented for the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. His son, Horace, was a member of the graduating class of the college, receiving the degree of B. A. on the same occasion. He was also the winner of the James Gordon Bennett prize, of the second Euclidian prize and of a class debating medal. We understand that Mr. Horace Underwood will be returning to Korea to take an appointment under the Presbyterian Board. Thus one more is added to those who follow in their fathers' footsteps on the Mission Field.

In a letter to one of the Associate Editors Mrs. Bernheisel of Pyeng Yang refers to the late Mrs. Moffett as follows:—

“You know the great sorrow that has been ours this month in the loss of our dear Mrs. Moffett, whose heart was in our Woman's Work and which she so dearly loved. We loved her so, and she has meant so much to each of us in the station and in our homes—in times of illness using her skill for those whom we loved, and bringing help and comfort in so many ways. She seemed to me like a part of Heaven here on earth, and especially this past year she impressed one as living above the things that worry some of the rest of us. We shall always be thankful that we had her friendship and thoughts of her will help us all to be better. Her going from us means that we must all love the Koreans more, work harder for them and be more helpful to each other, but even by so doing we can never fill her place.”

【역자 주】 Pyeng Yang=평양, Haiju=해주, Songdo=송도(개성), Wonsan=원산, Choon-chun=춘천. 'Mrs. Moffett'은 1912년 7월 12일 평양에서 별세한 앨리스 피시 모펫(Alice Fish Moffett)으로, 새뮤얼 A. 모펫(마포삼열) 목사의 부인이자 의료선교사. 본 호의 표지 인물이며, 다음 글 「아름다운 생애」가 그녀의 추모사이다. 'Horace Underwood'는 원한경(元漢慶, H. H. Underwood)으로 부친 호러스 그랜트 언더우드(원두우)의 뒤를 이어 내한하였다. 'M. E. Church, South'=남감리회.

A BEAUTIFUL LIFE

아름다운 생애 — 고(故) 모펫 부인을 추모하며

By Miss Margaret Best. / 마거릿 베스트 양

인쇄면 258–261

Mrs. Samuel A. Moffett, as Dr. Alice Fish, arrived in Korea in December, 1897. God called her to higher service on July 12th, 1912.

Few missionaries have come to the field as splendidly equipped for the complex and varied life of mission service in the East as Dr. Fish. Trained in a home whose very atmosphere breathed “Holiness to the Lord,” as a guest once expressed it after her first visit to that home; interested from childhood in a Mission for the Chinese in San Francisco conducted for thirty years or more by her father, Mr. Charles H. Fish, an elder in the Presbyterian Church of Sa Rafael, California; influenced by the example of her mother who was always active in the missionary societies and other departments of church work; the only child of godly and wise parents; as the flower grows in the sunshine into the thing of purity and beauty God meant it to be, so Alice Fish grew in the sunshine of such a home into lovely womanhood. With her gentleness and sweetness of disposition she possessed the sturdy qualities of character that might be expected of one coming from a line of five generations of Presbyterian ministers on her father's side and of fine New England family on her mother's side. She had to a remarkable degree the strength that is gentle and the gentleness that is strong—the two qualities combining to make a perfect woman and an ideal missionary.

When the time came for her to leave the home she was sent to the Santa Rosa Seminary for Young Women, where she was graduated. While there she came under the influence of Miss Chase, the Principal of the School, a woman with deep interest in missionary work, who is now herself a missionary among the Hopi Indians.

With such surroundings during childhood and young womanhood it is small wonder that as Miss Fish grew older the missionary call should become insistent and to one of her temperament and disposition imperative. To further fit herself for mission work if God should open the way to it, she went to the Philadelphia Women's Medical College, where she took all of her course but the last year, her mother's ill-health calling her back to California. Her Medical course was completed at Cooper Medical College in San Francisco, in order that she might be near her mother. During her course in Philadelphia and San Francisco she was very active in missionary work and in religious work among the students. Later a short course of training in Moody Bible Institute and work on the Schofield Correspondence Course in Bible Study added still further to her preparation for service on the Mission field. At last the “open door” appeared and she sailed for Korea in the fall of 1897.

Gentle, sweet, strong, with cultured mind and heart, and well trained powers of intellect consecrated to practical and spiritual uses, Dr. Fish upon her arrival in Korea was warmly welcomed by her associates and looked upon by them as a missionary of unusual promise. Part of the first year was spent in Seoul studying the language. At Annual Meeting of the Presbyterian Mission in the fall of 1898 she was assigned to Pyeng Yang for Language Study and Medical Evangelistic Work, the Evangelistic phase of the work having strong attraction for her. In these early days she laid the foundation for the good knowledge of the language which enabled her soon to begin efficient work among the Koreans and which, notwithstanding periods of ill-health and the manifold duties of the home, has made it possible for her to carry an unusual amount of Korean work.

On June 1st, 1899, Dr. Fish was married in Seoul to the Rev. Samuel A. Moffett of the Presbyterian Mission in Pyeng Yang. After her marriage she conducted for a time a small dispensary for women and even after that had to be abandoned because of press of other duties her knowledge of medicine and skill in relieving bodily ills found frequent exercise both among Korean women and children and in the homes of her missionary associates. During these years it was a keen delight to her whenever she found opportunity to go to the country villages for Bible classes with Korean women. Her great heart went out in sympathy and love to these less fortunate sisters and she gave to them freely out of her rich store of spiritual experience and knowledge of God's Word. Wherever she went and whomever she met there were those who were the better and stronger in faith and life from having been with her.

Coming to Pyeng Yang at the time the Church was entering upon its period of steady growth, Mrs. Moffett was identified almost from the beginning with all the different forms of work among the women and girls of the Church. From her Sabbath School Class of catechumens in Central Church and her weekly class for catechumens and new believers scores of women have learned the fundamental truths of the Gospel and have been received by baptism into the Church. In the many Bible Training classes her influence has been felt in the direct teaching of the word, in her suggestive and helpful talks on Hygiene of the person and home and care of children, and in all her friendly and loving contact with the women.

Children of the primary schools and girls of the Academy have been trained by her in Singing and Organ and given instruction in Physiology and Hygiene. As a member of the Women's Training Class Committee her enthusiasm, helpfulness and sound judgment have contributed largely to the success of the plans made by the Committee for providing the women of Pyeng Yang territory with systematic instruction in Christian truth.

Always tender and compassionate of the weak and helpless, the condition of the blind made a strong appeal to her. With the support and sympathy of Mrs. Webb, the mother of Mrs. Graham Lee, she undertook a school for blind boys, Mrs. Hall of the Methodist Mission in Pyeng Yang, conducting a very successful school for blind girls. In this school the boys were taught to read and were given instruction in the Bible and some industrial training.

The School for Foreign Children located in Pyeng Yang was also one of her interests and engaged in later years, as her two boys grew older, much of her thought and time. The young women teachers in the school had in her a warm and helpful friend, one of them finding a home in her family during the three years of her service in the school. The fact that the school in Pyeng Yang made it possible for her own children to be kept in Korea until they were ready for College in the homeland, characteristically made her all the more eager that other parents in Korea should have the same opportunity and she was throwing her energy and influence into a plan for establishing a dormitory in connection with the school for children from other parts of Korea and was carrying a heavy share of the work and responsibility connected therewith. The plans for the expansion of the school suffer a severe loss in the removal of Mrs. Moffett's efficient help.

Varied and many as were her activities in the general work of the Station and community, Mrs. Moffett's greatest work was done in the home. Like the home from which she came, the new home she helped to make in Korea had inscribed in unseen characters over its portals, “Holiness to the Lord.” The presence of the tranquil, gracious woman who presided over it made it a haven of help and refreshment to the perplexed and troubled, the weary and disheartened, both among Koreans and among foreigners. No less did the joyful and happy seek this home, assured of receiving from its members the sympathetic interest and understanding without which even great happiness misses much of its joy.

Many of the social and business gatherings of the Station and community were held in the Moffett home. No door in the community opened oftener to welcome guests. Missionaries of Korea and other lands, traveling secretaries of Mission Boards of America and Europe, educators from American and European Universities, newspaper correspondents and noted writers, great preachers and business men, humble folk and great folk alike were welcomed and entertained—more than entertained: the interests of the home were shared with them and the influences of the home remained with them as they departed and its prayers followed them.

The words that in recent years people have liked to engrave on their fireplaces or hang in illuminated text upon their walls needed not to be engraved in stone or hung on wall in this home, for what to many of us is but the ideal to which we are striving had been realized here. “The Beauty of the House was Order, the Blessing of the House was Contentment, the Glory of the House was Hospitality and the Crown of the House was Godliness.”

Near the close of her fifteenth year of service in Korea, at the age of forty-two years, Mrs. Moffett has laid down life's burdens. Beautiful in life, more beautiful in the manner of her going: almost one feels like saying what was said of him of old, “She walked with God, and she was not, for God took her.” During the past months when burdens of Station life pressed heavy and anxieties crowded thick and fast, she walked serene, untroubled, radiating joy, untouched by fear or alarm, walking apart with her Lord, yet constant in loving ministrations to all who had need, and every day planning for and giving of her strength and time to others. If unselfishness can ever be called a fault it was Mrs. Moffett's one fault. Pouring out the treasures of her rich affection in loving deeds of helpfulness she counted not the cost to her physical strength, never at any time very great, and when the summons came for her to enter into rest, it called her from an active, busy life. Hers was a strong personality, broad in its sympathies, fine in all its mental processes, rich in its affections, unselfish and noble in all its acts. If we ask the secret of her life there comes back as answer the simple words of Pastor Kil who said that her influence among the Koreans was due to three things, her gentle disposition, her great faith, and her sincere love. To these may be added the flower and crown of them all, her life of prayer and communion with God.

A beautiful life given gladly for Korea. Hearts of parents and friends in America and of husband, children, and friends in Korea may ache with the pain of loss, but through the pain rises triumphant in the heart the song of thanksgiving that God gave her to us for awhile and that the memory of her beautiful life is ours until we too shall enter the gates into the City and join in the Song of the Redeemed.

【역자 주】 필자 마거릿 베스트(Margaret Best, 배귀례)는 평양의 북장로교 여성 선교사. 'Pastor Kil(길 목사)'은 길선주(吉善宙) 목사. 'Mrs. Graham Lee'는 그레이엄 리(이길함) 목사 부인. 'Mrs. Hall'은 로제타 셔우드 홀(Rosetta Sherwood Hall)로 평양 맹인·농아 교육의 선구자. 인용된 옛 글귀 “She walked with God…”은 창세기 5:24(에녹)의 변형. 모펫 부인(앨리스 피시)은 새뮤얼 A. 모펫(마포삼열) 목사의 첫 부인이며 평양 여성·맹인·외국인학교 사역에 헌신하였다. Sa Rafael=샌라파엘(San Rafael).

WOMEN'S WORK AT TAIKU

대구의 여성 사역

By Mrs. H. M. Bruen. / H. M. 브루언 부인

인쇄면 262–264

The last year has been a red letter one in the history of women's work in Taiku. For the first time, we have had a senior single lady to organize and direct the women's work of the province. Under Miss Mills' very efficient leadership, the women's evangelistic work is on a firm and systematic footing—a necessity in an advanced, progressive work.

The class work of the year has been very pleasant. The Bible teachers' training class in February was the third of its kind held in Taiku. The advance was noticeable in the greater ability of the women to grasp the ideas of teaching. A lesson was taught one day and one of the women attempted to teach it the next. Two years ago, when a woman in my class was called on to teach, she floundered about most helplessly for a few moments and then mopping her brow, said in a despairing way, “Aigo, this is a sweaterizing work” (Aigo=Alas!). There is still considerable floundering, but the “sweat” flows less freely each year. These women were sent to the different missionaries' territories to hold six-day classes.

In March came the big Bible class for country women. The enrollment was more carefully done and no one coming after three days was enrolled at all. Those absent from more than two classes were not given certificates. Even with strict enrollment, there was a slight increase in attendance over last year. In May, a two-weeks' class for Sunday School teachers was held. We hope great things for the country women from this yearly class. In very few of the country churches is there any efficient Bible teaching, and when we consider the many women, especially young women, who never get to a Bible class, the need for good instruction in every church is apparent. So all the women considered hopeful are invited in to the class. Of these many were unable to come, but about 80 attended and all worked earnestly.

The Girls' School, has as before, been my chief concern. While nearly all of our missionary work is carried on under greater or less difficulty owing to lack of funds, I doubt if any missionary school has had as hard a time to get started as our girls' school in Taiku. The chief comfort in it during the past year has been the very fine teacher, Chass, a graduate of the Pyeng Yang Girls' Academy. Her personal influence over the girls was refining and her work in both the day and the Sunday School was good. We hope to have her back next year. The wife of the Boys' Academy teacher, Kim Yun Sik, worked faithfully in the lower school. The two schools have been conducted in the women's guest house, a building of five kan. This made crowded quarters for ninety—ninety in ten divisions and three teachers. On pleasant days (and others we would call unpleasant) the small fry studied out of doors. Even the bath room, with a seating capacity of two by six was used as a “recitation hall”! During the year, I have had a sewing period once a week assisted by Miss Switzer. I have also taught the three upper class girls music, and since Christmas, Old Testament History twice a week. Three girls completed the academic course and were graduated in May. I have known them for a long time and feel that they will be a credit to us. One is to be married in a year, one is planning to go to Hawaii to meet her fiance, and the third is at home. These girls and others of the higher divisions were Sunday School teachers.

Plans for the coming year are very hazy. A gift of two thousand dollars toward a school building is a nest egg, and we hope that more may come soon. It is a matter of much prayer among us all and we believe that the need cannot fail to be recognized. The school lacks both equipment and a supervising principal. It is imperative that the middle school be separated from the lower, othewise it will be impossible to divide the finances accurately. I cannot say how many girls from the country would enter if there were a dormitory. When we consider that south of Seoul we have no Middle School for girls, it certainly seems that this ought to head the list of Mission Property requests. To take even one trip in the country and meet the bright girls who are seeking to secure an education in an eight by eight room, often with no text books, their teacher sitting in a doorway teaching the boys on one side and the girls on the other, it is the strongest plea for a strong Middle School. It will come some time but meanwhile many of these girls are passing beyond the time when it will be possible to attend school and we are missing the opportunity of fitting them for changing conditions and efficient work.

During the year I have done some visiting with one of the Bible women, and attended some of the mid-week Bible classes. It is pleasant to note the gradual transformation of Christian homes. In one yard rose slips from our place now cover a mud wall and make it beautiful. In another, American grape vines are trained over an arbor, making a pleasant shade. The children are cleaner and conspicuous by reason of clothing.

The year's routine was broken by one country trip. While holding a class in one of Mr. Bruen's churches, we lived in an ancestral worship house. It is always a pleasure to meet old country friends and to make new ones. One new friend, a widow, said to me, “If I believe very earnestly, shall I live with my husband in heaven?” a wonderful change from the heathen spirit of bare tolerance of a husband! In calling in heathen homes after the class hours, we had interesting times. One very old woman, deaf and dim-eyed, beamed with delight when she saw me and exclaimed, “Of course I know her. This is the third time she has been to this village.” It was true and I gave her a safety pin when she came to church next day as a reward of her keenness. At another place, as I was sitting on a mat in the courtyard, the man of the house came and gravely presented me with a pill as a mark of favor. It was a nice-looking gold-plated pill and might have done great things for me had I eaten it.

As I write the golden barley is being harvested and the people wait anxiously for the long-delayed rain which will make it possible to plant the rice. Is it not typical of our work? When our hearts are glad over visible results we listen for the sounds of abundance of rain that will bring increase and prosperity.

【역자 주】 Taiku=대구(大邱). 'Mr. Bruen'은 헨리 M. 브루언(부해리, Henry M. Bruen) 목사로 필자의 남편이며 대구 지역 북장로교 선교사. 'kan(칸)'은 한옥 면적 단위. 'Aigo'는 한국어 감탄사 ‘아이고’를 영어 화자가 음차한 것으로 본문에서 ‘Alas!’로 풀이함. 'sweaterizing work'는 ‘땀나는(고된) 일’이라는 한국어 표현을 직역체로 옮긴 것. 'ancestral worship house'는 제사를 지내던 사당/제실로 추정.

A LEISURELY CRUISE ON THE RIVER HAN

한강에서의 한가로운 뱃길

By Rev. S. A. Beck. / S. A. 벡 목사

인쇄면 264–266

I listened for an hour and thirty minutes to the son of a celebrated divine as he lectured on “A Trip Through the Holy Land,” and at the end of that time, when he had to give way to the next number on the program, he had not reached the Holy Land. So with me on the River Han, it took a long time to reach the river, and a longer time to get away from it.

“Come on in, the water's fine!” I have more or less successfully resisted such invitations in former years, but this time I was assured that via the river was the only safe and sure way of reaching Seoul, as the floods had swept away all bridges, there were no boats on the smaller streams, and it was useless to try to swim them, they were so swift and dangerous. Besides, it was stated, the ride on the river was a delightful surprise, and in a day and a half or even less one could be in Seoul.

I knew something of the beginning of the flood, for the mail carrier had assured me that the way he crossed the streams was to remove his clothes and tie the mail bag on top of his head and wade across; and then came the time when the mail was wet, and the water had evidently extended much above his head; and then the daily paper ceased coming, and there was no mail, and the telegraph lines were down. So I listened to the voice of the siren and decided to go to Seoul by boat, after I should reach the river.

We started just after daylight, without breakfast, through the mud, and walked forty li to the river. We waded mud almost all the way, and streams part of the way, reaching the river at 11 o'clock. The boat was there! She was tied up to the bank, and heavily loaded with a cargo of rice and beans. A flat-bottomed vessel, fifty feet long and ten feet wide, with small spaces in front and rear where the oarsmen could stand, and the remainder covered two layers deep with the great heavy bags of beans. Rice was scarce and dear, and there were but a few bags of that.

Yes, the “Captain” would start at once. But just wait until all was ready. We waited. “When will you start?” “Just now.” And we continued to wait. There was a crew of three, including the captain, but it was difficult to get them all together at one time. Finally, at 12:40 the word was given and we boldly sallied forth.

As we were to be on the way but a day and a half little food was brought, and we would supplement by purchasing eggs or a chicken. Before getting aboard the “ship” I tried to buy a fish. Nobody ate fish, and nobody caught them. I wanted a chicken. All the chickens had been eaten. No eggs were to be had.

Kim and I were the only passengers. Even though the “crew” could not supply us with food we tried to make ourselves useful as well as ornamental, especially when it began to rain. A long pole had been lashed to two uprights, and when we crouched down this was just above our heads. A number of single thickness grass mats were lying on the bags, evidently intended to shield the cargo in case of rain. After passing fifteen rapids and coming to deeper water the captain stopped and loaded on several additional tons of cargo, though the boat was already leaking frightfully, and Kim's time was spent in bailing out water.

Then the rain commenced, to which the captain paid no heed, but continued loading the boat. All my boxes and bedding lay open to the weather, so Kim and I assisted the captain by throwing the grass bags over the pole to protect the cargo. But the captain was exasperated. The mats were crooked, or should have been placed differently, and we had no business to touch them. He seemed to have little use for the foreigner, but he felt differently afterward when I saved his life by almost super-human exertion in keeping the heavy bags from falling on him as he caulked the seams to keep the vessel from sinking.

In going over the rapids, when the bottom of the vessel would scrape on the jagged rocks, I realized that there was only an inch board between me and heaven, and that board had sprung a leak. A little later the heavy pole supporting the grass mats crashed down on my head and shoulders. Kim cried out to the captain that a man was being killed, and I understood that heaven might be expected from above instead of below.

That first day, in seven and one-third hours, we traveled 20 li by boat, then tied up near the shore beside a small village. The captain said his house was there. I did not blame him for wanting to stay there over night.

During the night the rain continued, more or less intermittently, and the boat's position was changed three times so we would not be too far from shore. Only one member of the “crew” remained on board with me. I slept as best I could on top of the bean bags, with a sheet of paper over me to keep off the rain. In the morning the village was entirely surrounded by water, we were anchored to an island, and the river was steadily rising. There was a great waste of waters behind us and then timbers of various sorts commenced coming down the river. Several near-by boats made spasmodic efforts to capture some of these timbers, when suddenly a cry went up, and a man was being carried by the current into deep water. There was an heroic rescue by two boatmen, which in America no doubt would have secured the Carnegie medal, and after that the timbers sailed by unmolested.

By noon the water was fifteen feet higher than when we had first anchored, but in the afternoon I saw it gradually going down. By careful and frequent measurement it was ascertained that the river was falling at the rate of an inch an hour, and I figured that if it continued to fall at the same rate we would be able to continue our journey at the end of another week.

In the night more rain fell, yes, fell, clouds and all, and the following morning the water had risen ten feet in ten hours, and it continued to rise. I sat in the end of the boat watching the bank, and could note the progress of the water as it reached a little stone, and in two or three minutes it would be covered; then a large rock would be covered, and the path leading around the edge of the hill would be covered; then the water came up to the cornfield, with the stalks more than five feet high; then there was no corn field, nothing but foaming water. Then we saw the people driven from their houses to the straw roofs, and taken off in boats, and but few houses remained without water in them, and if the water had risen another five feet the village would have disappeared entirely. Then as I watched the water ceased rising, and slowly receded, and the morning of the fifth day we resumed our voyage.

Before we started I learned that our captain had another “home” a few li farther down, and he was going to stop there a day! I decided to change captains, incidentally change boats, pay our fare a second time, and reach Seoul if possible.

We at once transferred to a boat just ready to start, loaded with wood, with a crew of four, and fourteen passengers, all anxious to get to Seoul. That is, the passengers were more or less anxious. The crew shared with each other an anxiety to consume great quantities of “sool,” so we stopped sailing at four in the afternoon, and did not resume our journey until ten in the morning of the sixth day. In the afternoon the captain with a sharp eye for rocks and rapids went to sleep in the front of the boat, one of the oarsmen was dead drunk in the middle of the boat, and some of the passengers were so stupefied they did not realize our danger, when suddenly the captain awoke and found we were on the verge of destruction and another five minutes in the same direction would mean certain death for eighteen of us. Then came a struggle for life, frantic but finally successful, and later the captain berated the other members of the crew for being drunk. He failed to realize that the greatest responsibility had rested on himself and he had gone to sleep at his post!

We landed in the mud six miles from Seoul, late in the afternoon, having had no breakfast or dinner, and being morally certain of a place to straighten out in comfort and sleep the sleep of the just. We realized that the lives of boatmen and passengers would be revolutionized when they accepted that which had been our comfort and stay.

【역자 주】 River Han=한강(漢江). 'li(리)'는 거리 단위(약 0.4km). 'sool'은 한국어 ‘술’을 음차한 것. 'Kim'은 동행한 한국인 조사(助事)/어학교사로 추정. 1912년 여름 한강 대홍수 때 평양·지방에서 서울로 오던 선교사의 6일간 뱃길 체험기로, 당시 수운(水運)과 홍수 피해 상황을 생생히 보여 준다. ‘Carnegie medal’은 인명 구조 영웅에게 주는 카네기 영웅 메달.

EVANGELISTIC WORK IN SEOUL STATION

서울 선교지부의 전도 사역

(Presbyterian Mission, North) / 북장로교 선교부

인쇄면 267–269

Since there is a unanimous feeling that the past year has been the best of all it is proof positive that it has been a year of real growth. The work has gone along very quietly, with a great under-current of joy, as each department, Evangelistic, Educational and Medical, has looked forward to an enlarged field of usefulness, with better equipment and a stronger corps of workers. So, although things have been especially cramped and crowded, we have been made to realize more fully how true God is to His promise to supply all needs. Next year will be a bursting out rather than a moving out into our new buildings.

CITY WORK:—Passing years have witnessed a great change in the evangelistic aspect. There are no longer crowds of sightseers. Everybody knows more or less what the gospel means, so there is no longer that spirit of persistent inquiry that the first years witnessed; they come now to worship. Personal effort becomes more and more necessary.

Sai Mun An Church in charge of Dr. Underwood and South Gate Church in charge of Dr. Underwood and the hospital doctors, have made an especial feature this year of house to house visitation; this is a work that is much needed. The South Gate Church, which was only opened last year, has itself opened two new churches this year. Mrs. Avison, with the assistance of two Bible Women, has conducted a weekly bible class in each of the villages under the direct oversight of this church.

One of the most interesting features of the Yun Dong Church, in charge of Dr. Gale, is its large and well organized Sunday School, the special object of which is to gather in and teach the unbelieving children in the immediate vicinity of the church. Special attention is being given more and more in all the churches to work for the children.

The way in which Dr. Clark was greeted by the people of Seung Dong Church on his return from furlough showed in what esteem and respect his people held him and how much he had been missed. The great desire of this church is being realized and the new church building is under way. The Koreans themselves have pledged over $2,000.00 gold (equal to thirty-three days of man's wage for each attendant) and this has in no way interfered with the regular church contributions. Among the other activities of the church four cottage prayer meetings are held each week in four different localities.

North Church in charge of pastor Han is building a $4,000.00 Church.

Myo Dong the seventh Presbyterian Church in Seoul in charge of Rev. E. H. Miller, though a newly established work, has shown a steady growth in strength. Sunday seldom passes without new believers.

F. S. Moore Memorial Church at Tong Mak, under the ecclesiastical charge of Rev. E. H. Miller, has been under the supervision of Mr. Hugh Miller of the British and Foreign Bible Society, to whom the station extends a special vote of thanks for the faithful way he has attended to its needs.

MEN'S WINTER CLASS:—The regular men's winter class was held in February with an attendance of 550. It was divided into seven sections and the regular course of study was carried out. Things were very crowded and made us feel more than ever the need of the rooms for class purposes that are being built in connection with Seung Dong Church. We feel sure that when these are completed the classes will be much better attended.

THE UNION BIBLE SCHOOL under the inspiration of Dr. W. W. White's visit was opened last Fall. During the first term the total number enrolled was 66, the second term 80, and the third term 100. Average attendance 62. The grade of work done has been good, great interest has been manifested, and a spirit of good will and unity has prevailed. Although accommodations have been poor this last year a new move is to be taken whereby they may be bettered. Provision is to be made so that those who do not care to pay board can cook and prepare their own food. This will very materially increase the number of students, as such a plan will enable the farmers to come from the farms in the interior with little or no extra cost. The institution also plans in further developments to provide, as far as possible, for all the various forms of bible study that will be needed in Seoul Station except the large general classes.

WORK FOR THE JAPANESE, under the charge of Mr. and Mrs. Curtis, has been progressing well. The Presbyterian Church here in Seoul is quite independent, having some very representative men among its members. The center of Mr. and Mrs. Curtis' work at Yong San they report as most encouraging.

COUNTRY WORK:—The new political conditions of the country have had comparatively no effect on the country work this year but new economic conditions have. It is a new world in many ways—old trades are vanishing, old customs are loosing their hold. New wants are manifesting themselves; last year's luxuries are to-day's necessities; people well to do yesterday are without income to-day. The financial future of the church is necessarily bound up with that of its members; our people are willing to give till it hurts and beyond that until it does not hurt, but there are limits even to that. In spite of all difficulties the work is progressing.

In the East territory, in charge of Dr. Clark, there are thirty churches among which Dr. Clark spent 114 days and held four classes. The territory is divided into five circuits. There is a great need of a native pastor or two, but the theological graduates are too few to supply the demand.

The work in the South territory has been in charge of Dr. Clark and Mr. Toms and has consisted mostly in organizing and readjusting, laying a foundation for the future. This territory has forty churches and is divided into four circuits.

The West territory under the care of Dr. Underwood has been re-organized the past year under four helpers and the plan for the coming year is to have one superintending helper or ecclesiastical secretary who will look after the work of all the other helpers.

WOMEN'S WORK:—This year three large classes have been held for women. Of the two held in the Autumn, one was for country women, and one was the Normal Class. The women in the latter class went to the nearby country villages and taught what they had learned. In March we had the city and country classes with 160 women from the country and over 400 all together; these were taught in five divisions.

This year over thirty classes have been held in the country for women and Miss Wambold was out among the various villages twenty weeks. House to house visitation was done in the country as in the city, and during one campaign of 327 visits 44 believed.

【역자 주】 Sai Mun An Church=새문안교회, South Gate Church=남대문교회, Yun Dong Church=연동교회, Seung Dong Church=승동교회, Myo Dong=묘동교회, Tong Mak=동막, Yong San=용산. 'Dr. Underwood'=언더우드(원두우), 'Dr. Gale'=게일(기일), 'Dr. Clark'=클라크(곽안련, C. A. Clark), 'Rev. E. H. Miller'=에드워드 H. 밀러(밀의두), 'Mr. Hugh Miller'=휴 밀러(영국성서공회). 'Mrs. Avison'=에비슨 부인(O. R. Avison 부인). 'gold'은 금본위 미국 달러. 'circuit(시찰)'은 여러 교회를 묶은 순회 구역. ‘new political conditions’는 1910년 한일강제병합 이후의 식민 통치 상황을 가리킨다.

IN THE BEGINNING

태초에 — 한국 미감리회 선교 창설에 관한 짧은 기록

By W. Carl Rufus. / W. 칼 루퍼스

인쇄면 269–271

This article is a by-product of a few musty vacation hours of rainy-season pastime scanning Methodist Episcopal Mission records to discover fossil foot prints and ripple marks along the rocky shore of the educational history of the mission.

In March, 1884, Rev. R. S. Maclay, D.D., of Tokyo, Superintendent of the Japan Mission of the M. E. Church, received a letter from Rev. John F. Goucher, D.D., of Baltimore, Md., containing the enquiry: “Can you find time to make a trip to Korea, prospect the land and locate the Mission?” and the suggestion, “It is peculiarly appropriate that Japan should have the honor of initiating the mission to Korea.” The letter was accepted by Dr. Maclay, “as a divine call to do what I could to open Korea to Christian missions.”

The Missionary Society endorsed the proposition; Hon. John Bingham, U. S. Minister to Japan, and Hon. L. H. Foote, U. S. Minister to Korea, pronounced the movement practicable; necessary preparations were made and Dr. and Mrs. Maclay embarked at Yokohama, June 8th, changed boats at Nagasaki June 23rd, and reached Chemulpo June 23rd. On June 24th, 1884, at 6:00 p.m., they arrived in Seoul,—according to information received by Dr. Maclay, “the first Christian missionaries to enter Seoul openly, (a few Roman Catholics had entered secretly).”

A herculean task awaited Dr. Maclay. In the heart of hostile heathenism, within the walls of the capital of the last hermit kingdom, he sought to prepare the way for the coming of the Christ. In surprise he discovered that his interpreter belonged to the anti-progressive party and he was warned to proceed with great caution in making known the object of his visit. The man of the hour was Kim Ok Kung (?), a member of the Foreign Department of the Korean Government, whom Dr. Maclay had previously met in Japan. (Possibly this is the famous Kim Ok Kiun, leader of the emeute of Dec. 4, 1884. See Dr. Allen's “Chronological Index”). To him Dr. Maclay entrusted a letter, June 30, stating his desire to commence Christian work in Korea, and requesting him to lay the subject before the king at his earliest convenience. On July 3rd permission was received to conduct hospital and school work in Korea. A few days were spent in finding a suitable site for the mission compound and in securing an option on the premises; after which the object of his work having been accomplished, on July 8th, Dr. Maclay departed for Japan.

A favorable beginning having thus been made, the Missionary Society of the M. E. Church appointed Wm. B. Scranton, M.D., of Cleveland, Ohio, and Henry G. Appenzeller, a student in Drew Theological Seminary, its first missionaries to Korea. The Woman's Foreign Missionary Society also appointed Mrs. M. F. Scranton, mother of Dr. Scranton, their first representative to this field.

The winter of 1884-5 brought stormy times to Korea. The progressive party, thru the bloody emeute of Kim Ok Kiun, gained temporary ascendancy. Conservative leaders were cut down and the palace was seized and occupied; thither with 140 soldiers the Japanese minister resorted for safety. Here the progressives were attacked by 3,000 Korean and about an equal number of Chinese soldiers under Yuan Shi Kai, (China's first president) and they were compelled to flee. Their houses were burned, together with the Japanese Legation and the Post Office, and the homes of many of the foreigners were looted. Every foreigner was in great danger and the Ministers were compelled to retire to Chemulpo. Japanese and Chinese troops poured into the country. Executions followed in rapid succession; the conservatives were avenged. Seoul was decimated by the civil strife and the flight that followed the rumor of war between China and Japan.

In the meantime in America the party of missionary appointees to Korea were preparing for their journey. On the very night of the emeute, Dec. 4, 1884, Dr. Scranton was ordained an ambassador of the Prince of Peace to be sent to the land of strife. On Feb. 5, 1885, while the streets of Seoul were fresh with the blood of the prescribed slain, Mr. Appenzeller was consecrated by Bishop Fowler to carry to the stricken city the message of love of Him who gave his blood a ransom for many.

Feb. 3, 1885, the party, consisting of Dr. and Mrs. W. B. Scranton, Rev. and Mrs. H. G. Appenzeller and Mrs. M. F. Scranton, set sail from San Francisco. They arrived in Yokohama, Feb. 27th, and remained for some time in Japan completing arrangements for the opening of the Mission. The first business meeting of the Korea M. E. Mission was held in Dr. Maclay's home, Aoyama, Tokyo, Mar. 5, 1885. Later a letter was received from Bishop Fowler appointing Dr. Maclay Superintendent and Mr. Appenzeller Assistant Superintendent of the Korea Mission.

Here in Tokyo the missionary party most probably met the four Korean students previously admitted into the Anglo-Japanese College of which Dr. Maclay had general supervision, and had the opportunity, a rare one, of first cultivating an acquaintance with representatives of the race that they had come to serve.

Rev. H.G. Appenzeller left the rest of the party in Japan and set out for Korea landing at Chemulpo, Apr. 5, 1885. He was therefore the first of the party of appointees to reach Korea. He did not continue his journey to Seoul, however, but soon retraced his route to Japan. Dr. Scranton was the first of the party to reach Seoul where he arrived May 3, 1885. Here he was soon joined by Mr. Appenzeller who returned to Korea bringing the other members of the party.

Thus within one year from the time that Dr. Maclay entered Seoul, June 24, 1884, when he obtained permission from the king and made preliminary arrangements for the planting of the mission, five M. E. representatives were stationed on the field. Nor were they the only ambassadors of the Cross to arrive within this period. It is interesting to note in this connection (See “Chronological Index”) that on Sept. 20, 1884, “H. N. Allen, a physician of the American Presbyterian Mission in China, arrived and was appointed physician to the U. S. Legation and later to the Korean Government and British and Japanese Legations;” also on Apr. 5, 1885, “Rev. H. G. Underwood of the American Presbyterian Mission arrived and formally opened Protestant clerical mission work. He was followed on June 21 by J. W. Heron, M.D.”

Great honor is due this early band of loyal men and women. In the language of a mission report worth quoting: “These brethren came into a land of which little was known by Christian nations; to a city where the hardly cooled embers of bloody political strife threatened at any moment to burst out afresh; to a people who had been trained for generations to look with suspicion upon all men of Western nations. Amid blind alley ways, mud huts, cesspools and indescribable sanitary conditions they set up their homes; they grappled with the mysteries of an unknown tongue; they set themselves to work to master the conditions of the field to which in the Providence of God, the church had assigned them, and in the face of an avowed hostility to the religion of Christ began to lay the foundations of the Redeemer's Kingdom in Korea.”

【역자 주】 필자 W. 칼 루퍼스(W. Carl Rufus, 유부기)는 평양 숭실 등에서 가르친 미감리회 선교사이자 천문학자. 'Maclay'=매클레이(맥리), 'Goucher'=가우처, 'Appenzeller'=아펜젤러(아편설라), 'W. B. Scranton'=윌리엄 스크랜턴(시란돈), 'M. F. Scranton'=메리 스크랜턴(이화학당 설립자), 'Bishop Fowler'=파울러 감독, 'H. N. Allen'=알렌(안련), 'H. G. Underwood'=언더우드(원두우), 'J. W. Heron'=헤론(혜론). 'emeute'(프랑스어)=폭동·정변으로 1884년 갑신정변을 가리킴. 'Kim Ok Kiun'=김옥균. 'Yuan Shi Kai'=위안스카이(원세개). Chemulpo=제물포(인천). 원문은 제물포 도착일과 서울 도착 전후 날짜를 다소 혼란스럽게 적고 있어(6월 23일 중복) 원문 그대로 옮김.

THE STUDENTS' SUMMER CONFERENCE

학생 여름 수양회

By P. L. Gillett. / P. L. 길레트

인쇄면 271–273

The 1912 Students' Summer Conference in Korea was marked by distinctive characteristics. It was notably subdued in its tone although a number of the delegates spoke to the writer of great spiritual joy that had come to them during its hours of prayer and Bible study. Circumstances tended to make the delegates thoughtful and, to the gratification of the leaders, drove them to a spontaneous emphasis on prayer. An unusual inclination to go apart on the mountain for private intercession was evident and a daily period for the united prayer of the Conference was desired in addition to the pre-arranged program.

In one instance that came to the notice of the writer a student in whose heart a special burden arose asked his room-mates to join with him early in the morning and late in the evening for services of their own. These young men studied the entire Epistle of 1st Corinthians in voluntarily organized group meetings.

The beloved Chairman of last year's Conference, Baron T. H. Yun, also the Pastor who had been largely responsible for the deep heart-searching and spiritual tone of the two preceeding Summer Conferences, Rev. C. P. Yang, and one of last years delegates, C. M. Yang, were all under arrest, charged with being ringleaders in a plot to assassinate the Governor-General of the country. It was asserted that the Student Conference of 1911 had been an occasion for planning this plot and its records have been introduced into the case to prove the presence of certain persons at that time. The trial of the accused began during the session of this year's Conference and obliged some of the leaders to absent themselves from its sessions. Also representatives of the police were present during the session of this year. Naturally enough these facts influenced the tone of the gathering and some school authorities hesitated to send delegates at a time of such strain and uncertainty. In view of these conditions the attendance was fifty-seven as against the ninety-three of last year and the atmosphere of the gathering became one of humility and the emphasis on purely spiritual things. To the far-seeing student the Church of Christ in this land never gave such prospects of a pure spiritual future as during these days of prayer and reliance on God.

Without its having been so planned by the committee in charge the theme of “Personal work” came to the front and became the dominating one of this session. Undoubtedly the recent conference of Korean Christian students in Tokyo, where the delegates voluntarily undertook the evangelization by personal work of the Koreans in Tokyo, had a marked influence on these men and at the closing session their one minute testimonies were largely on the two themes, consecration of self to God and energetic effort to win others to Christ. Indeed the delegates asked the committee for the privilege of forming a volunteer band to forward this work but the fact that such a movement would probably be misunderstood by outsiders led to the postponement of such an organization to a more favorable time.

The Conference was fortunate in having for chairman of the Committee in charge a man who not only has been present every year since the Korean Student work was started but who has also had extensive experience as National Student Secretary in England. This was H. H. Weir, M.B. He was ably assisted by Mr. J. K. S. Kimm, Mr. H. Cynn and Messrs. Lyall, Billings, Macrae and secretaries S. H. Choi and S. M. Choi. Mr. K. Saito, a Christian official high in the councils of the Government, consented to deliver an address and secretaries S. Niwa and J. S. Burgess of the National Japanese and Chinese Association Movements were welcomed. Rev. W. G. Cram of the Union Bible School was the Presiding officer.

The sessions this year were held in a canon of the fortress crowned mountain of Puk Han. Many of the services were held under the trees in the open air but a fine large tent, which had been loaned by the Evangelistic Association, was utilized for the evening meetings and added much to the comfort and uniqueness of the occasion. The Buddhist priests connected with the temple in the canon provided food and bedrooms for a price and formed a constant outer circle of interested observers. Many an urgent personal appeal to these friendly listeners was made by the delegates in the warmth of their new experiences and after all was over the head priests called to express their friendship and to say that this was the kind of people they liked to have come to their temple.

PROGRAM. — DAILY ROUTINE.

6:00 a.m. ......... Rising bell.

6:30–7:15 ......... Morning watch.

7:30 ......... Breakfast.

9:00–10:00 ......... Bible study class.

10:00–12:00 ......... Conference hour.

12:30 ......... Dinner.

2:00–5:00 p.m. ......... Recreation.

7:00 p.m. ......... Supper.

7:45 ” ......... Special Prayer service.

8:00 ” ......... Addresses on the Spiritual Life.

10:00 ” ......... Lights out.

【역자 주】 필자 P. L. 길레트(Philip L. Gillett, 길예태)는 황성기독교청년회(서울 YMCA) 초대 총무. 'Baron T. H. Yun'=윤치호(尹致昊) 남작 — 1911년 ‘105인 사건’(데라우치 총독 암살 모의 조작 사건)으로 체포·기소됨. 'Rev. C. P. Yang'=양전백(梁甸伯) 목사(선천), 'C. M. Yang'은 양 모(미상). 'Puk Han'=북한산(北漢山). 'H. Cynn'=신흥우(申興雨)로 추정. 'Rev. W. G. Cram'=크램(기의남) 남감리회 선교사. ‘canon’은 ‘canyon(협곡)’의 옛 표기. 일과표의 ‘Morning watch’ 시각은 스캔이 흐려 인쇄 숫자가 불분명하나(기상종 6:00, 아침 7:30) 정황상 6:30–7:15로 옮김.

SEVERANCE HOSPITAL, SEOUL

세브란스 병원, 서울

인쇄면 273–274

The work at and from Severance Hospital has been carried on much as usual except for one very serious break—the temporary closing of the Medical School from January to October, 1912 which will be referred to below. The development of the original plans for the hospital has resulted in the establishment of the following departments:—

1.—Dispensary. a. Free Clinic. b. Ordinary Pay Clinic. c. Special Private Clinic.

2.—Home Visitation.

3.—Hospital with Wards and Operating Department.

4.—Nurses Training School.

5.—Medical School. a. General Medical and Surgical. b. Optical. c. Dental School. d. Pharmaceutical.

6.—Business. a. Pharmaceutical Manufactory and Wholesale Drug Supplies. b. Manufacture and sale of Optical Goods.

7.—Evangelistic.

MEDICAL SCHOOL:—Sixty-five students attended the classes from October 1st, 1911 to January, 1912 when for several reasons it seemed wise to stop the work for a few months to enable the staff to get the new building completed so that the students might have the opportunity to use its greatly augmented facilities. This was done with much regret but was necessary because of the loss of the most important member of the Korean staff and the inability of the foreign staff to teach satisfactorily while spending so much time in building. The college will reopen October 1, 1912 in the new building. Graduation will probably take place March 1, 1913.

NURSES' TRAINING SCHOOL:—The seventh nurses to graduate from Severance Hospital received her diploma June 4th, 1912. Of the former graduates one is assistant superintendent of Severance Hospital, one in charge of the operating department, one is to have charge of the new dispensary, under foreign supervision, one is in the Southern Presbyterian Hospital at Chun Ju, one in Kunsan and one has until recently been in our Mission hospital in Chong Ju, unfortunately she has become ill and may not be able to resume her work but her place will probably be filled by a new graduate. Never before has the school had so many good candidates for admission and it has at last reached the happy place where a selection of the best can be made. Applicants come from as far North as Kang Kai and as far South as Fusan, several are now on the waiting list.

EVANGELISTIC:—During the year 275 professed conversion in the dispensary, 114 in the wards. Tracts and much other Christian literature were distributed.

The following are the statistics for the year:—

Foreign. Korean. Total.

Public Dispensary ......... — — 13,276

Private Office ............ 857 968 1,825

Visits to Homes ........... 351 122 473

Male. Female.

Ward Patients ............. 320 213 533

Grand Total ............ 16,107

【역자 주】 Chun Ju=전주, Kunsan=군산, Chong Ju=청주, Kang Kai=강계, Fusan=부산. ‘세브란스 병원/의학교’는 O. R. 에비슨(어비신)이 이끈 서울의 대표적 선교 의료기관. ‘한국인 직원 가운데 가장 중요한 일원의 상실’은 당시 핵심 교원이었던 김필순(金弼淳)의 망명(중국행)을 가리키는 것으로 보인다. 통계의 ‘—’는 원문대로 수치 미기재. 합계 16,107은 각 항목 합산 결과로 원문 그대로 옮김.

WONSAN BIBLE SCHOOL FOR WOMEN

원산 여자성경학교

By Mrs. J. B. Ross. / J. B. 로스 부인

인쇄면 275–276

The Alice Cobb Bible School for Women had a prosperous three months' session this past winter. There were seventy-two pupils enrolled—sixty boarders and twelve day pupils. These women from all sections of the two large country districts allotted to Wonsan come. Among them are regularly employed Bible women, the wives of native helpers, widows who have no special home ties, and other leading women in the country churches. Also not infrequently the Bible women come bringing some earnest soul who has just turned from the darkness of heathenism to the light of the Gospel, and she is longing to study the Bible and learn more of what it really means to be a Christian.

The building intended for classrooms for this school had to serve again as a residence for two missionaries teaching in the institute, and so necessarily the school was crowded into the five rooms built for a dormitory. These rooms served as bed rooms, dining room, class rooms, chapel, assembly hall, &c., &c. It was crowded, but this feature appealed to the foreigners more than to the Koreans.

We find that aside from the study of the Bible two of the most helpful things for the women in the routine of the school life is the discipline of the home life, and the discipline received in their evangelistic work in the town; this outside work being directly under the supervision of the missionary. Women who have lived for many years in a “happy-go-lucky” way find the rules of the home and school a little hard. And when a large, new class enters there are strenuous labors and many endeavors on the part of the ones in charge to get things adjusted and in running order; but with few exceptions the women have an earnest desire to learn how to work according to the “quechick” (rules) and their many mistakes are often of the head, and not of the heart. In this case a good native helper acting as matron (and just the right person is difficult to find) is invaluable to the missionary. The work in the home—cooking, cleaning, bringing water, &c. is divided among the students, the work list being changed every two weeks. Over a year ago two young women came from the city to study and help with the teaching. They had never brought water before, but after having received a spiritual blessing, gained the victory and were willing to go to the spring with the rest of the women, balancing a “mool tong” on their heads like other “common folk.”

The special evangelistic work done by these women is very interesting, and, as I mentioned before, has been fine training for them, and has of course been a help to the evangelistic work among the women of the town. Certain afternoons were given up to house to house visiting, the pupils on coming into the school having been appointed to one of our two Methodist churches here, and so were supposed to visit in the district allotted to the church which they attended. Often they would come back with beaming faces and glad stories of victories to relate. It reminded the writer of her days in the Training School, and of her own early endeavors to do something for her Lord.

I might mention as one of the special features of this outside work the classes that were held one night in every week in the homes of believers in different sections of the town. These were study classes for Christian women in which they studied the native script, Bible, and catechism, following the study course for women which had been arranged by our mission. There were from eight to ten of these gatherings every week, and between fifty and sixty women studying. This has been a great help to our woman's work, for often the new believers and more indifferent women would come out to a class in their neighborhood when they would not attend the regular weekly Bible class taught by the lady missonary. After the close of the Bible School a good many of these classes were kept up, some of the Wonsan Christians volunteering to help.

I cannot close without mentioning the spiritual growth on the part of the students attending the school. During the three years of its existence our school women, with but very few exceptions, have experienced a definite spiritual blessing and a marked growth in grace. So as they go out year by year with a better knowledge of the word, and a new vision of their Lord, we hope much from their work among the country women. Miss Cooper has charge of this school, and I leave it for her to tell you more about the course of study and school work proper.

【역자 주】 Wonsan=원산(元山). ‘Alice Cobb Bible School’은 원산의 미감리회 여자성경학교(앨리스 콥 기념). 'Bible women(전도부인)', 'native helpers(본토인 조사)'. 'quechick'은 한국어 ‘규측(規則, 규칙)’의 음차, 'mool tong'은 ‘물동이’의 음차, 'common folk'는 ‘상사람/보통 사람’. 'native script(언문)'은 한글. 'Miss Cooper(쿠퍼 양)', 필자 'Mrs. J. B. Ross(로스 부인)'은 원산 미감리회 여성 선교사.

KONG-JU WEST DISTRICT

공주 서지방

By Rev. Wilbur C. Swearer, District Superintendent. / 윌버 C. 스웨어러 목사, 지방 감리사

인쇄면 276–279

We came up to the meeting of the Annual Conference with the feeling of a man who had his meal interrupted before the dessert was brought on; the feeling is one of emptiness: you have all experienced it. I sometimes think it would be wise to change the mealtime so that we could always have our dessert; in other words hold our meeting at a time when the system and continuity of our work will not be broken up every four years.

Most of the two summer months were spent at Kong-Ju in various duties. Of the remaining six months of work considerably more than half was spent away from home in the work, in the country among the churches, at Seoul and in Japan. The seventy-nine days spent at home were occupied in class work, translation, meeting with preachers and colporteurs from all over the District and directing their work; also a great deal of time was spent in correspondence with donors of special gifts in America. This has grown to be a very exacting part of the work, for not only was nearly all of the amount needed for the salaries of the helpers amounting to more than $1,200 a year raised in that way, but my own salary was raised by special contributions on the Station plan and this required faithful correspondence. All this correspondence occupied many days. This year the writer has been attempting the impossible. The diversified duties were too many to allow of success along any line. With the pastoral care of the churches located in nine circuits in two sections of the country, widely separated, and the work of two Districts in addition to many Mission duties it was a physical impossibility to give the churches the attention they needed. In the stress I have been very grateful to Bro. Corwin Taylor for the capable manner in which he has conducted the work of the East District, relieving me of all concern for its development. Its development has been exceedingly satisfactory. I wish I could report as well for the West District. So far as numbers of believers are concerned it has not held its own. Generally there has been advance but two or three places have fallen behind and this has affected the statistics of the whole District.

KONG-JU CITY.

The fact that we have not had so much disciplining to do as last year goes to show that the church is becoming more firmly founded and the members established in the faith. Dr. Van Buskirk and Mr. An Chang-ho have exercised great care in the pastoral oversight of the church. While Mr. An was absent at the Biblical Institute for three months and in fact through the whole time Dr. Van Buskirk carried the great burden of the city church. He has done valuable service in three lines of work: in the church, in the dispensary and in the school. In the church he redirected its energies, reorganized it along certain lines and worked the matter of self-support into some system. During Mr. An's absence he preached every Sunday. Such a course has also enabled him to become proficient in the language and the church has improved greatly. Old fashioned Methodist classes have been organized and have exerted a strong spiritual influence. In self-support the church has done as much in eight months as it did last year in twelve. In members and probationers there has been an increase of more than twenty-five per cent. The loss in seekers is not a real loss but a straightening up of the rolls, none being reported who merely have their names on the rolls and manifest no interest, but such as are truly seekers.

Mr. An makes the report for the church as follows:—

“During the time since last Annual Conference I have had charge of the Kong-ju City Church and have received ten persons on probation, seventeen into full connection and baptised three infants and seven adults, ten in all. There are twenty-one classes in the Sunday School and two hundred and fifty students. Since last December class meetings have been held twice a month; the exhorters have united with me in conducting these classes. We have been studying Phillipians and the various catechisms and have had very profitable discussions over the affairs of the church.

Lately the spiritual life of the believers has been developing and steady progress is being made; they have consecrated themselves to God and desire the approval of God more than that of men. The officers of the church decided to introduce tithing; as a result 8.10 Yen a month was subscribed for the pastor's salary and 7.65 Yen for school expenses. The pastor went with the body of Christian workers who visited Japan last summer for three weeks. Three months were spent in Theological School; since the school closed in December I have looked after the affairs of the church in consultation with Dr. Van Buskirk. I have also made it my special business to visit the believers and lead seekers into the church.”

THE NORTHWEST CIRCUITS.

There are now five of these circuits. Mr. Kim Kwang-Sik has assisted me in the pastoral work; he united with the helpers in holding training classes of four or five days each which were of great profit to the work. Only one of the circuits shows decided loss; on others there have been considerable gains. The preachers have traveled over their work diligently, some of them at considerable sacrifice, and new work has been opened up; the church on the island of An Myen Do is especially encouraging; the people are much in earnest and have built a chapel though they are quite poor. The total increase amounts to 288; this brings the total following up to 1391.

THE SOUTH CIRCUITS.

Mr. Williams, in addition to his heavy school work, cared for the two circuits nearest Kong-ju going out each Sunday whenever possible and often at considerable personal inconvenience to hold services at the various churches from five to forty li distant from Kong-ju. These circuits have prospered and the work is very encouraging.

I have had the four more distant circuits to look after personally. Mr. Hong Seung-ha has assisted. Both he and Mr. Kim Kwang-sik were in the Bible School for three months in the fall and that made the work harder.

All of these circuits, except one, have increased in membership. One of them however lost so badly that the increase on the others was more than over balanced, leaving a loss in the following. This loss together with that of the city church is greater than the gain on the Northwest Circuits so that the District has a loss of 197 in the total of adherents: the loss being confined largely to the class of seekers. These conditions point very clearly to the great need of more foreign supervision and I earnestly hope and pray that provision can be made to meet that need.

Mr. Williams has conducted the Kong-ju Boys' School in a capable way, the highest grade taught being that of the Third year High School. He has also had charge of the two or three schools in the South Circuits; these schools are doing a good work.

Mrs. Sharp has traveled so much that she is almost a stranger to us. Everywhere I go among the churches the women talk about her visits, hoping that she will soon come again. To the vivid fancy she seems almost ubiquitous. And if she could be divided into three parts to work the three great sections we would all be greatly pleased. Mrs. Swearer and Mrs. Van Buskirk have both taught classes in the Sunday School and have visited the women in their homes and Mrs. Swearer has conducted the teachers' meeting for the women in the study of the Sunday School Lesson every Saturday night. Mrs. Williams has conducted the Friday night prayer meeting for the women of the Church.

The colporteurs of the B. & F. Bible Society have done valuable service not only in the distribution of the Word but in the faithful work they have done in traveling about and seeking for back-slidden members and reclaiming them. One of these men has sought out about fifty such men in one county and the work there is springing into new life.

The total following for the two Districts is 5312.

Some personal experiences during our travels were unpleasant—to put it mildly; one night, separated from my food and bedding, was passed sleeplessly in a strange village among the mountains fifteen li from my destination, in a room about four feet by six in company with an old Chinese teacher. One night having been poisoned by charcoal gas I passed several hours in the borderland of death. I have learned something about what the night watches of Jesus were which He passed in prayer. With profoundly thankful hearts we acknowledge God's goodness in the restoration of Mrs. Swearer to health. The lives of all the members of the station have been preserved for further service and we thank Him the “giver of every good and perfect gift.”

【역자 주】 Kong-Ju=공주(公州), An Myen Do=안면도(安眠島), li=리. 'Rev. Wilbur C. Swearer'=스웨어러(서원보) 남감리회→미감리회 선교사, 공주 지방 감리사. 'Dr. Van Buskirk'=반 버스커크(반복기), 의료선교사. 'Mr. An Chang-ho'는 공주읍교회를 맡은 한국인 전도사 ‘안창호’로 표기되었으나 독립운동가 도산 안창호와 동명이인일 가능성이 크다(원문 표기 그대로 옮김). 'Mr. Williams'=윌리엄스(우리암), 공주 영명학교 운영. 'Mrs. Sharp'=샤프 부인(사애리시, Alice H. Sharp). 'exhorters(권사)', 'probation(학습)', 'full connection(정식 입교)', 'class(속회)'는 감리교 용어. ‘charcoal gas’는 온돌 연탄/숯 가스 중독.

EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS IN SEOUL

서울의 교육적 진보

(Presbyterian Mission, North) / 북장로교 선교부

인쇄면 279–281

JOHN D. WELLS SCHOOL FOR CHRISTIAN WORKERS:—The past year has been one of steady growth and development. The curriculum and terms have been changed to accord with the government system. The teaching force is perhaps the best we have ever had, having graduates of our own school, of other Korean schools of similar grade and of some of the best professional schools in Japan, on the faculty. The industrial department begun last year has been developing. There are now 25 looms. The dyeing department has done considerable work; the two new departments, bamboo basket work and An Ju embroidery are still in their beginning. A night school allied to the industrial department has now been conducted for some months and the interest among the students warrants its continuance.

The number of students enrolled in the regular school is 102 with an average attendance of 99 and in the night school 15 with an average attendance of 14. The outstanding needs are:—Dormitories, Buildings for Gymnasium and Bath use, and an Industrial Plant.

HIGHER EDUCATIONAL WORK in union with the Methodist Mission has this year been carried on in a building adjoining Pai Chai school, the Pai Chai faculty and our own uniting in furnishing most of the teaching staff. Eight students are enrolled and are showing good interest in the studies of the freshman year.

WOMEN'S ACADEMY:—The past year has been a very happy and hopeful one. Such a nice lot of new girls, mostly graduates from the primary school, entered last Fall and the work has moved on without a ripple. The outlook for the future is encouraging in every way. The new dormitory is almost completed, and badly is it needed, as the old one the past term was so crowded that a room of the ladies' home had to be used. The Koreans are very proud of the new dormitory. Mrs. Shin, our head Korean teacher, says that whenever she sees the new building her heart is filled with gratitude to Mr. Severance because he loved her people and her school enough to make them such a gift. Seoul Station echoes the same sentiment.

During the past seven years fifty-three girls have graduated. Fifty of these have gone out as teachers; some have married and both husband and wife have taught in the church school where they lived. Every Province but one has one or more of our graduates; the demand far exceeds the supply. An additional year's work was added to the course of study this year. The time of closing was changed to Spring to conform to the government ruling. Work in Japanese has been most satisfactorily taught by a Christian Japanese girl, a graduate of one of our schools in Japan.

INDUSTRIAL WORK has been started this year such as foreign and Korean embroidery and Korean dressmaking. This Spring a self-help department was inaugurated by which many girls who otherwise could not be in school may earn an education. Six girls are now paying their way by doing Korean sewing and making candy.

The total number enrolled this year was 63. Because of the change in the time of closing there was no graduating class this year but promotion exercises were held to which the parents were invited. Since the illness of Mrs. Miller in February the burden of the work has fallen upon Miss Lewis, who, though only in her second year of language study, has met the responsibilities forced upon her in a way which commands our respect and admiration.

PRIMARY SCHOOLS:—Although we as missionaries see very little of the primary school and its work, it being entirely under the supervision and control of the Korean Church, the little we do see is very encouraging. Koreans certainly take a very great interest in the education of their children. In the city here, with one or two exceptions, each church has its own primary school. It is so interesting to see in each church at the Sunday service the primary school children sitting up in front, the boys on one side of the curtain and the girls on the other, with bright, vivacious faces, taking their part most confidently in the service, feeling that they are an indisponsable factor. They are all so interested in their school and have their pins and colors and flags and field days, just the same as academies. We are feeling the force of the primary school since its graduates have begun to enter the academies, and if the ones we receive are a fair sample of the work they are doing, we must say that they are doing splendidly.

The great need of the primary school is trained teachers and for that reason we are anxious to start as soon as possible a teacher training department in connection with our Womens' Academy.

【역자 주】 ‘John D. Wells School for Christian Workers’=경신학교(儆新學校, 서울 북장로교 남학교, 존 D. 웰스 기념). 'Pai Chai'=배재학당. 'Women's Academy'=정신여학교(貞信女學校)로 추정되는 북장로교 여학교. 'An Ju embroidery'=안주(安州) 자수(평안남도 안주의 명산 자수). 'Mr. Severance'=루이스 H. 세브란스(거액 기부자). 'Mrs. Miller'=밀러 부인, 'Miss Lewis'=루이스 양(여교사). 정부 제도에 맞춘 학제·학년 변경은 1911년 조선총독부 ‘조선교육령’ 시행의 영향이다.

“MISSION PROBLEMS IN JAPAN”

「일본의 선교 문제들」 — 편집자에게 보내는 편지

By Samuel A. Moffett. / 새뮤얼 A. 모펫

인쇄면 281

TO THE EDITOR OF THE KOREA MISSION FIELD,

May I through the FIELD invite the attention of the missionary body in Korea to a little book just published, entitled “Mission Problems in Japan” by Rev. Albertus Pieters, for more than 20 years a missionary of the Reformed Dutch Church in Japan.

Not only is Mr. Pieters one of the ablest and best informed missionaries but also a man of poise and good judgment, frank and sincere, who has expressed himself in these lectures in a way which I believe will be most helpful to us in Korea in enabling us to more fully understand the conditions and problems of the work in Japan and thus putting us in greater sympathy with that work.

This work will also greatly help to us to understand some of our own problems present and prospective, and, while of course there is room for difference of opinion on some points, I should like to ask the missionaries in Korea to secure and carefully read this book which I have found so helpful.

Very Sincerely, SAMUEL A. MOFFETT.

I have written to Mr. Pieters asking him to place the book on sale in Seoul with the K.R.T.S. The price is only 75 sen plus 7 sen for postage.

Pyeng Yang, Korea, July 20, 1912.

【역자 주】 필자 새뮤얼 A. 모펫(마포삼열) 목사는 본 호 표지 인물 고(故) 모펫 부인의 남편으로, 부인의 별세(7월 12일) 직후인 7월 20일에 이 편지를 보냈다. 'Rev. Albertus Pieters'=알베르투스 피터스(일본 주재 미국 화란개혁교회 선교사). 'K.R.T.S.'=Korean Religious Tract Society, 조선예수교서회(전도문서 출판·판매 기관). 'sen(센)'=일본 화폐 단위.

ADVERTISEMENT — NEW BOOKS! NEW EDITIONS!

광고 — 조선예수교서회 신간·재판 안내

The Korean Religious Tract Society / 조선예수교서회

광고면 i (인쇄면 281 다음)

NEW BOOKS! NEW EDITIONS! The Korean Religious Tract Society is pleased to be able to announce constant fresh additions to their stock. Some of the latest are as follows:—

KOREAN PUBLICATIONS.

“Conference Commentary on Acts” ... .50

do. do. I and II Corinthians ... .40

do. do. Phillipians ... .20

do. do. I and II Thessalonians ... .25

do. do. I and II Timothy ... .25

do. do. Titus ... .18

do. do. Philemon ... .08

do. do. James ... .25

“The Care of Infants” by Dr. Van Buskirk (Medical Series) ... .03

“Flies and Disease” by Dr. Norton. (Medical Series) ... .02

“Cholera” by Dr. Hong. (Medical Series) ... .02

“Consumption; its prevention and Cure” by Dr. Norton ... .02

“The Successful Woman” trans. by Miss Shields ... .03

“Analysis of Gospel of Matthew (new edition)” ... .04

do. do. Mark do. do. ... .03

do. do. Luke do. do. ... .04

do. do. John do. do. ... .04

do. Four Gospels (4 vols. in 1) ... .12

“Bible Dictionary” Mixed Script; by Pastor An Choon ... .50

“Sunday School Reward Cards” Series A. per packet of 100 Cards ... .18

do. do. do. B. per packet of 50 Cards ... .13

“Korean Pocket Dictionary” in Eunmun, Hanmun and Japanese ... 1.20

“The Book of Martyrs” trans. by Mrs. Gifford. New edition ... .04

“The Human Heart” trans. by Rev. F.S. Miller ... .07

AMERICAN PUBLICATIONS.

“Things Korean” by H. N. Allen ... 2.50

“The Vanguard” by Dr. Gale ... 3.30

“Korea in Transition” by Dr. Gale ... 1.50

“Korean Sketches” by Dr. Gale ... 2.25

“Village Life in Korea” by J. R. Moose ... 2.25

“The Unmannerly Tiger” by W.E. Griffis ... 2.50

“Kim Su Bang, and other Korean Sketches” by Miss Wagner ... 1.15

“Pokjumie” by Miss Wagner (just issued) ... 1.15

Foreign Stationery. Typewriter Supplies. Mimeograph Requisites. School Books. Japanese Tracts. Job Printing.

The Korean Religious Tract Society, GERALD BONWICK, Manager. THE TRACT HOUSE, SEOUL, KOREA.

【역자 주】 이 광고는 9월호 본문(인쇄면 281) 뒤, 10월호 표지 앞의 광고면(로마자 i)에 실려 있어 9월호 후면 광고로 본다. 한국어 책 제목은 옛 철자(구활자체)로 인쇄되어 있어, 현대 표기로 옮기고 괄호 안에 원문 음을 병기함. 'Dr. Van Buskirk'=반복기, 'Dr. Norton'=노턴(L. C. Norton), 'Miss Shields'=에스더 쉴즈(서서평과 다른 인물, 세브란스 간호), 'Pastor An Choon'=안준 목사, 'Mrs. Gifford'=기퍼드 부인, 'Rev. F. S. Miller'=F. S. 밀러(민노아), 'Dr. Gale'=게일(기일), 'J. R. Moose'=무스(모삼열), 'W. E. Griffis'=그리피스, 'Miss Wagner'=와그너(왕래). 'Eunmun(언문)'=한글, 'Hanmun(한문)'=한자. 가격은 엔(円) 단위.

APPENDIX: Place-Name & Coordinate Index

부록: 지명·좌표 색인 (지도 데이터베이스용)

1912년 9월호(제8권 제9호)에 언급된 지명 — 위도/경도 기준

아래 표는 본 호에 등장하는 지명을 현대 지명·한자와 함께 정리하고 위도·경도를 부여한 것이다. 지도(카카오맵·구글맵 등) 표시 및 공간 데이터베이스 구축에 사용한다. 좌표는 해당 지명의 대표 지점(시·군 중심 또는 사적지)이며, 일부 외국 지명은 본 자료의 인물 배경 이해를 위해 포함하였다.

【역자 주】 좌표는 위키데이터/구글맵 기준의 대표 지점이며, 옛 행정지명과 현대 지명을 매핑한 것이다. 평양·해주·개성·원산·강계·안주는 현재 북한 소재. 후속 호 번역 시 동일 형식으로 좌표를 누적하여 지도 데이터베이스를 확장한다. (북한·일본·미국 지명은 인물 배경 이해용 참고 좌표)